中国六市老年人睡眠质量及其影响因素的流行病学调查  

An epidemiological survey of sleep quality and influencing factors among the elderly in 6 Chinese cities

作　　者：杨傲丹 张宇涵 刘力[2] 翟玲玲 YANG Ao-dan;ZHANG Yu-han;LIU Li;ZHAI Ling-ling(The First Clinical Department,China Medical University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110122,China;Department of Psychiatry,the First Hospital of China Medical University;Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Maternaland Child Health Care,School of Public Health,China Medical University)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学临床一系,辽宁沈阳110122 [2]中国医科大学附属第一医院精神医学科 [3]中国医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学教研室

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2023年第5期358-362,384,共6页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：辽宁省2022年省级大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目(S202210159023)。

摘　　要：目的对全国6个城市老年人的睡眠质量进行调查分析,并分析其影响因素。方法于2022年1-2月,对我国南北方6个城市的545名60岁及以上老年人进行线上或线下问卷调查,利用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表评估睡眠质量,并同时收集生活方式、家庭社会因素方面的信息。采用单因素及多因素的logistic回归方法分析老年人睡眠质量的影响因素。结果545名老年人存在睡眠障碍者122例,总检出率为22.3%,其中男性54例、检出率为21.7%,女性68例、检出率为22.9%;不同年龄组别检出率分别为18.78%、21.69%、26.98%、30.30%,随着年龄增长睡眠障碍的检出率也增加。将PSQI总分进行分组后比较发现,无配偶组、患慢性病组、不规律锻炼组PSQI总分分别高于有配偶组、不患慢性病组和规律锻炼组,差异均具有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为23.386、16.556、13.849,P均<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,无配偶(OR=2.862,95%CI:1.677~4.866),患慢性病(OR=1.973,95%CI:1.288~3.022),不规律锻炼(OR=1.888,95%CI:1.218~2.927)居住在乡镇(OR=1.766,95%CI:1.150~2.712)是影响老年人睡眠质量的危险因素(P均<0.05)。结论该6个城市老年人的睡眠质量欠佳,无配偶、患慢性病、不规律锻炼和居住在乡镇是影响老年人睡眠质量的危险因素。Objective To investigate and analyze the sleep quality of the elderly in 6cities in China and analyze its influencing factors.Methods An online or offline questionnaire survey of 545seniors aged 60and older in 6cities in the north and south of China was conducted in January and February 2022.Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)was used to assess sleep quality.Information on lifestyle and family social factors were collected at the same time.Single factor and multiple factor logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of sleep quality in the elderly.Results There were 122cases of sleep disorder among 545elderly people,the total detection rate was 22.3%,among which 54cases were male,the detection rate was 21.7%,68cases were female,the detection rate was 22.9%.The rates in different age groups were 18.78%,21.69%,26.98%and 30.30%,respectively,which increased with the increase of age.When the total PSQI scores were compared in groups,it was found that the total PSQI scores of the no-spouse group,the group with chronic diseases,and the group with irregular exercise were higher than those of the group with spouses,the group without chronic diseases,and the group with regular exercise,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2) was 23.386,16.556,13.849,respectively,all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that no spouse(OR=2.862,95%CI:1.677-4.866),chronic disease(OR=1.973,95%CI:1.288-3.022),irregular exercise(OR=1.888,95%CI:1.218-2.927),living in the township(OR=1.766,95%CI:1.150-2.712)was the risk factors affecting sleep quality of the elderly(all P<0.05).Conclusion The sleep quality of the elderly in the 6cities is poor.No spouse,chronic disease,irregular exercise and living in the township are the risk factors affecting the sleep quality of the elderly.

关 键 词：睡眠障碍 睡眠质量 老年人 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R338.63[医药卫生—人体生理学] R195[医药卫生—基础医学]