充填型溶洞TBM掘进卡机过程特征与脱困措施研究  

Study on jamming characteristics and treatment measures for TBM tunneling through filling-type karst cave

作　　者：高仝 刘琪 张传健 王斌 李占彪 GAO Tong;LIU Qi;ZHANG Chuanjian;WANG Bin;LI Zhanbiao(Yunnan Water Diversion Project Co,Ltd.,Kunming 650051,China;Changjiang Survey,Planning,Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430010,China;CISPDR Corporation,Wuhan 430010,China;China Railway Tunnel Stock Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省滇中引水工程有限公司,云南昆明650051 [2]长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,湖北武汉430010 [3]长江设计集团有限公司,湖北武汉430010 [4]中铁隧道股份有限公司,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《水利水电快报》2023年第7期50-55,共6页Express Water Resources & Hydropower Information

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划项目“西南复杂地质条件下特大型引调水工程安全建设与高效运行关键技术研究”(202002AF080003)。

摘　　要：为应对敞开式TBM掘进穿越大型充填型溶腔面临的较大施工风险,分析总结了滇中引水工程香炉山隧洞“云岭号”TBM遭遇溶腔段的卡机过程特征、原因及采取的脱困措施。结果表明:①溶腔段TBM卡机的直接原因主要为刀盘扭矩过大,难以持续维持在高位而发生刀盘停转被卡。在穿越充填型溶洞过程中,TBM可能面临反复卡机问题,并因拱底软弱破碎、承载力不足而发生“栽头”现象,导致TBM掘进竖向偏差过大;②采用拱顶超前注浆管棚、拱底超前管桥、掌子面玻璃纤维锚管超前注浆等超前处置措施,能够较好地限制溶腔段TBM刀盘扭矩过大、机头下沉等问题,为使TBM顺利通过不良地质洞段,需从“超前支护、初期支护加强、掘进控制”等方面进行综合处置;③在岩溶地层中,溶洞前后可能并无明显过渡洞段,TBM掘进施工过程中应进行有效的超前地质预报,做到先探后掘、提前发现、提前处置。In order to address the significant risks faced by the open TBM tunneling through large filling cavities,the characteristics,causes and disposal measures of"Yunling"TBM jamming in the karst cavity in Xianglushan Tunnel of Central Yunnan Water Diversion Project were analyzed and summarized.The results showed that:①The immediate cause for TBM jamming in the karst cavity section was mainly the oversized cutter head torque which was difficult to maintain at a high level for a long time.TBM may face repeated jamming until it went through the unfavorable geological tunnel section.The weak and broken rockmass at the arch bottom and its insufficient bearing capacity induced TBM"bumping"phenomenon,resulting in excessive vertical deviation of TBM tunneling.②Advanced treatment measures such as advanced grouting pipe shed at arch vault,advanced pipe bridge at arch bottom and advanced grouting of glass fiber anchor pipe at tunnel face could better limit the problems such as excessive torque of TBM cutter head and sinking of machine head in solution cavity section.In order to ensure that TBM had passed through unfavorable geological tunnel section smoothly,comprehensive treatment shall be carried out from the aspects of advanced support,strengthening of initial support and correction of tunneling control.③In karst strata,there may not be a significant transition section around the karst caves.Effective advance geological prediction should be carried out during TBM excavation to achieve early detection and disposal.

关 键 词：敞开式TBM 充填型溶洞 卡机 超前地质预报 超前支护 香炉山隧洞 滇中引水工程 

分 类 号：TV52[水利工程—水利水电工程]