基于能量函数的风力发电机空载电压动态控制方法  

Dynamic control method of no-load voltage of wind turbine based on energy function

作　　者：韩梁 HAN Liang(College of Information,Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,Ningde Normal University,Ningde,Fujian 352100,China)

机构地区：[1]宁德师范学院信息与机电工程学院,福建宁德352100

出　　处：《宁德师范学院学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期143-150,共8页Journal of Ningde Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2020J01429);福建省教育厅中青年项目(JAT200679)。

摘　　要：针对风力发电机空载电压动态控制过程中,控制律未能达到最优,导致空载电压不稳定、控制精度较差的问题,提出基于能量函数的风力发电机空载电压动态控制方法 .在发电机拓扑结构下,采用开关函数结合基尔霍夫电压定律,建立基于三相静止坐标系的风力发电机数学模型,获取风力发电机的运行状态;凭借傅里叶频谱分析发电机空载运行时的电压,得到高次谐波中齿谐波的正弦性畸变率与电话谐波因数;通过构建空载电压动态控制模型,获取初始控制律,在控制律的约束条件下,建立能量函数,以此优化初始控制律,设计出更适用于风力发电机空载电压的动态控制律.实验结果表明:所提方法能够平稳且有效地持续动态控制风力发电机的空载电压,使电压波形无限接近正弦波形,令发电机始终位于理想的运行状态,并且风力发电机空载电压动态控制精度较高,具备投入应用的可行性条件.In the process of no-load voltage dynamic control of wind turbine,the control law fails to reach the optimal,which leads to the problems of no-load voltage instability and poor control accuracy,a dynamic control method of no-load voltage of wind turbine generator based on energy function is proposed.Under the topology structure of the generator,the mathematical model of the wind turbine generator based on three-phase static coordinate system is established by using the switch function and Kirchhoff current law,and the operating state of the wind turbine generator is obtained.The voltage of the generator during no-load operation is analyzed by using Fourier spectrum,and the sinusoidal distortion rate of the tooth harmonic and telephone harmonic factor of the high-order harmonic are obtained.The dynamic control model of no-load voltage is constructed to obtain the initial control law.Under the constraint conditions of the control law,the energy function is established to optimize the initial control law,and a dynamic control law more suitable for no-load voltage of wind turbine is designed.The experimental results show that the proposed method can stably and effectively continuously control the no-load voltage of the wind turbine generator,keep the voltage waveform in a regular sinusoidal mode,and make the generator always in an ideal operating state.Moreover,the dynamic control accuracy of the noload voltage of the wind turbine generator is high,and the proposed method is feasible for application.

关 键 词：风力发电机 空载电压 能量函数 动态控制 齿谐波 

分 类 号：TM315[电气工程—电机]