美国“基于规则的秩序”的本质内涵及现实分析——东亚海洋秩序视域  

The Essential Connotations and Realistic Analysis of American“Rules-based Order”in the Context of East Asian Maritime Order

作　　者：刘雪莲[1,2] 朱瑞[3] LIU Xuelian;ZHU Rui

机构地区：[1]吉林大学行政学院,长春130012 [2]吉林大学东北亚地缘政治经济研究所,长春130012 [3]吉林大学,长春130012

出　　处：《国际展望》2023年第4期81-101,160,共22页Global Review

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目(16JZD027);中宣部文化名家暨“四个一批”人才项目“一带一路建设与全球治理创新”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：随着美国对华全面竞争延伸到海洋规则和秩序层面,其渲染的“基于规则的秩序”成为东亚海洋秩序场域突出的矛盾点。“基于规则的秩序”在现实的政策行为中表现为美国在东亚海洋秩序中的所谓规则化措施。美国海洋霸权的特性使其以全球规则体系为依托,这使得美国为护持霸权仍需依赖国际规则网络。在“印太战略”出笼后,“基于规则的秩序”的工具效应增强,对东亚海洋区域地缘政治结构、区域内外大国竞争、区域内国家外交选择都产生了重要影响。中国应坚持以国际法为基础的国际秩序,明确“规则秩序”与国际法的本质区别,提升在规则制定中的软实力,对未来东亚海洋秩序予以方向性引导,与东亚其他国家一起为构建公正、合理的东亚海洋秩序贡献力量。As the U.S.comprehensive competition with China extends to the maritime domain,the“rules-based order”emphasized by America has become a prominent contradiction in the field of East Asian maritime order.The essential connotations of American rules-based order include targeted goals,value clusters,and collective action mechanisms,which are manifested in the actual implementation of rule-making measures.American maritime hegemony is dependent on the global rules system.To protect its maritime hegemony status,America still needs to further rely on the international rules network.With the implementation of Indo-Pacific strategy,the instrumental effect of“rules-based order”has increased,which has serious impacts on the geopolitical structure of the East Asian maritime region,competition among major powers,and the diplomatic choices of regional countries.In this context,China should adhere to the international order based on international law,clarify the essential differences between“rules-based order”and international law,enhance soft power and provide directional guidance with the concept of a Community with a Shared Future.Together with various countries,China will contribute to the construction of a fair and reasonable East Asian maritime order.

关 键 词：“基于规则的秩序” 东亚 海洋秩序 美国海洋霸权 

分 类 号：D871.22[政治法律—政治学]