基于碳热还原法添加氧化铁助剂分离回收锂辉石矿中锂、铝、硅元素  

Comprehensive utilization of spodumene ore through pyrometallurgical process with Fe_(2)O_(3) addition

作　　者：杜昊 施磊 吕飞 张晓盼 杨明亮 闫珂 曲涛 DU Hao;SHI Lei;LYU Fei;ZHANG Xiao-pan;YANG Ming-liang;YAN Ke;QU Tao(State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metals Resources Clear Utilization(Kunming University of Science and Technology),Kunming 650093,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Key Laboratory of Vacuum Metallurgy for Nonferrous Metal of Yunnan Province(Kunming University of Science and Technology),Kunming 650093,China;Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Inner Mongolia Huomeihongjun Aluminium&Electricity Co.Ltd.,Tongliao 029200,China)

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metals Resources Clear Utilization(Kunming University of Science and Technology),Kunming 650093,China [2]National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China [3]Key Laboratory of Vacuum Metallurgy for Nonferrous Metal of Yunnan Province(Kunming University of Science and Technology),Kunming 650093,China [4]Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China [5]Inner Mongolia Huomeihongjun Aluminium&Electricity Co.Ltd.,Tongliao 029200,China

出　　处：《Journal of Central South University》2023年第6期1831-1840,共10页中南大学学报（英文版）

基　　金：Project (Grant 2021HA006) supported by the Academician Free Exploration Fund of Yunnan Province,China。

摘　　要：锂辉石矿中含有丰富的Li、Al、Si元素,传统的湿法浸出工艺仅对Li进行回收,造成Al、Si元素的浪费。本文提出了一种高附加值的锂辉石矿碳热还原新工艺,氧化铁作为助剂,在高温条件下使矿石中的Li挥发并冷凝富集,Si与Fe结合形成Si-Fe合金,Al富存于熔渣中。通过进一步的高温熔分分离渣与合金,回收富氧化铝渣。结果表明,氧化铁能显著促进锂辉石矿的还原。最佳反应条件为,进料中铁/硅的质量比不低于2、反应温度为1823 K、反应时间为8 h时,Li的还原率为97.56%,Si-Fe合金的直接产出率为85.12%。此外,冷凝物中氧化锂的含量可达到29.5%,约为锂辉石矿的10倍,可作为富锂精矿再利用。此方法实现了锂辉石矿中Li、Al、Si元素的综合分离与回收。The carbothermal reduction process of spodumene ore effectively separates Al and Si components from spodumene ore while also extracting lithium(Li).The high value-added sputum heat reduction process of spodumene ore was proposed.Fe_(2)O_(3) was used as an auxiliary agent.Si is combined with Fe to form Si-Fe alloy and Al is enriched in the slag.The experimental results showed that the addition of Fe_(2)O_(3) could significantly promote the carbothermal reduction of spodumene ore,when the mass ratio of Fe/Si is not less than 2.Experiments confirmed that the optimal experimental conditions were 1823 K and heated for 8 h.During the reduction process,the reduction rate of Li was higher than 90%,and the direct yield of Si-Fe alloy was higher than 85%.In addition,the content of Li in dust could reach 29.5%,about 16 times that of the spodumene ore.

关 键 词：锂辉石矿 氧化铁 碳热还原 锂 硅铁合金 

分 类 号：TF803[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TQ127.2[化学工程—无机化工]