大研镇纳西语施受标记的特征及其来源  

Agent Marker&Patient Marker in Naxi Language of Dayan Town

作　　者：许怡 XU Yi(School of Chinese Ethnic Minority Languages&Literatures,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学中国少数民族语言文学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《红河学院学报》2023年第4期43-47,共5页Journal of Honghe University

基　　金：中央民族大学博士研究生自主科研项目:纳西语构词法研究(BZKY2022070)。

摘　　要：纳西语是汉藏语系藏缅语族彝语支的一种语言。论文以纳西语西部方言大研镇土语为依据,描写、分析了纳西语施事标记ȵø^(33)和受事标记kja^(31)的特征。指出:纳西语施受标记的使用主要与施受事的生命度差异,以及语序、语用、特殊句式等条件有关;施受标记均具有多义性。施事与位格、工具格、源点格同标,受事与与格、比较格同标。还指出,语言中很多抽象的语法概念或语法标记往往衍生于空间概念。纳西语的受事标记kja31也是由方位词“上”语法化而来的。Naxi dialect is a language belonging to the Yi branch of the Tibeto-Burman group of the Sino-Tibetan language family.This paper describes and analyzes the characteristics of the agent markerȵø^(33) and the patient marker kja^(31),which is based on the local dialect of Dayan Town in the western dialect of Naxi language,and points out that the use of the agent marker and patient marker is mainly related to the difference in the life of the agent and patient,as well as the conditions of word order,pragmatics,special sentence patterns,etc.The agent marker and the patient marker both have polysemy.The agentive is the same as locative,instrumental and source;the patientive is the same as dative and comparative.Many abstract grammatical concepts or grammatical markers in the language are often derived from spatial concepts.

关 键 词：纳西语 施事标记 受事标记 多义性 来源 

分 类 号：H257[语言文字—少数民族语言]