重庆酸雨区马尾松纯林改造对土壤溶液性质的影响  

Effects of Transformation of Pinus massoniana on Chemical Characteristics of Soil Solution in Acid Rain Area in Chongqing,China

作　　者：冯永霞 王明霞[2] 倪秀雅 尚鹤[1] 陈展 Feng Yongxia;Wang Mingxia;Ni Xiuya;Shang He;Chen Zhan(Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091 [2]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《陆地生态系统与保护学报》2023年第2期11-19,共9页Terrestrial Ecosystem and Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31971630);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2018SZ004)。

摘　　要：【目的】揭示重庆酸雨区马尾松纯林改造为针阔混交林及阔叶林对土壤溶液性质的影响,探讨林分改造对土壤酸化的潜在影响。【方法】在重庆铁山坪林场选择马尾松纯林、马尾松-香樟混交林以及香樟纯林样地,于2018年7月(夏季)、10月(秋季)和2019年1月(冬季)、4月(春季)采集15 cm和30 cm土层深处的土壤溶液,测定其酸碱度(pH值)、电导率(EC)、溶解性有机碳(DOC)、总氮(TN)、铵态氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、硝态氮(NO3--N)、阴阳离子等的含量,并计算酸中和能力(ANC)。【结果】1)各土层的土壤溶液离子当量浓度排序均为:SO_(4)^(2-)>NO_(3)^(-)>Ca^(2+)>Na^(+)>Cl^(-)>K^(+)>Mg^(2+)>F->NH_(4)^(+),且阴离子含量大于阳离子含量,ANC基本为负数。2)各林分土壤溶液中NO3-浓度大于NH4+浓度,且马尾松林土壤中的NO3-浓度大于香樟林和混交林。3)除7月外,香樟林和混交林的各土层溶液pH值和ANC均显著高于马尾松林。【结论】根据土壤溶液性质来看,重庆铁山坪地区的土壤酸化仍在继续;马尾松纯林更易发生硝化作用,造成盐基离子的淋失;种植或混交香樟能提高土壤溶液的酸中和能力,减缓土壤酸化。【Objective】To reveal the effects of Pimus massoniana forest transformation on the properties of soil solution in the acid rain area of Chongqing,and explore how soil solution in different plantations would potentially affect soil acidification.【Methods】Three plantations were selected in Tieshanping Forest Farm,Chongqing.including pure stands of Pimus massoniana,or Cimmamomm camphora and mixed stands of these two species(P.massoniana x C.camphora).The soil solutions were collected from the soil layers at 15 cm and 30 cm respectively in July(Summer)and October(Autumn),2018 and January(Winter)and April(Spring),2019.Then the pH,electrical conductivity,dissolved organic carbon(DOC),total nitrogen(TN),ammonium nitrogen(NH_(3)^(-)N),nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)N),anion and cation were measured respectively,and the acid neutralization capacity(ANC)was calculated.【Results】1)The ion equivalent concentration in the soil solution of each soil layer is in an order of SO_(4)^(2-)>NO_(3)^(-)>Ca^(2+)>Na^(+)>Cl^(-)>K^(+)>Mg^(2+)>F->NH_(4)^(+),and the total anion content is higher than the total cation content resulting in the negative ANC values in most of the soil solution samples.2)The concentration of NO;ions in each plantation is higher than that of NH,which is higher in the P.massoniana solution than those in the other two plantations.3)Except for summer,both the pH and ANC of P.massoniana x C.camphora or C.camphora in each soil layer are significantly higher than that of P.massoniana.【Conclusion】Our results indicate that soil acidification in Tieshanping area is continuing and strong nitrification in the soil of.P.massoniana might result in the leaching of base ions.Plantation of C.camphora can improve the acid neutralization ability of the forest soil solution and then alleviate soil acidification.

关 键 词：土壤溶液 酸中和能力 马尾松 香樟 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学]