山东日照黑松林下的种子萌发及幼芽冻害  

The Seed Germination and Bud Freezing of Pinus thunbergii on the Forest Floor in Rizhao of Shandong Province

作　　者：王爱 刘国梁 景慎诚 王春雷 徐敏田 郭建和 Wang Ai;Liu Guoliang;Jing Shencheng;Wang Chunlei;Xu Mintian;Guo Jianhe(Donggang Branch of Rizhao Natural Resources Bureau,Rizhao 276826,China;Natural Resources Bureau of Lanshan District,Rizhao 276806,China;Rizhao Water Conservancy Bureau,Rizhao 276826,China;Wulian County Forestry Technology Promotion Service Center,Rizhao 262300,China)

机构地区：[1]日照市自然资源局东港分局,日照276826 [2]日照市岚山区自然资源局,日照276806 [3]日照市水利局,日照276826 [4]五莲县林业技术推广服务中心,日照262300

出　　处：《陆地生态系统与保护学报》2023年第2期96-100,共5页Terrestrial Ecosystem and Conservation

摘　　要：【目的】根据近年来山东日照地区的黑松(Pinus thunbergii)林下没有种子萌发的松树幼苗现象,探究黑松林分内种子萌发及生长情况,找到幼苗消失的真正原因。【方法】为了了解野外松林内的种子去向和幼苗生长情况,进行黑松种子的室内发芽试验以验证黑松种子质量;在种子发芽的不同时段,野外跟踪调查发芽生长情况。【结果】野外调查发现,在黑松种子成熟撒落的秋冬季节,山东日照地区的气温和湿度非常适合黑松种子萌发,成熟后撒落在林地的黑松种子会分批次发芽。发芽后不久就进入12月份,是年内最低气温开始出现的时段,发芽的种子还没出土,土壤开始结冰,使得发芽种子全部冻害死亡。【结论】在黑松种子成熟撒落的秋冬季节,日照地区的气温和土壤湿度都非常适合黑松种子发芽,但由于种子全部萌发后气温降低和土壤开始封冻,萌发幼芽从生长缓慢过渡到停止生长,并最后全部冻死,造成黑松林下幼苗消失。【Objective】Based on the phenomenon of pine seedlings losing seed germination in the understory of Pinus thunbergii in the Rizhao in recent years,to investigate the seed germination and growth in black pine stands and find the real reason for the disappearance of seedlings.【Methods】In order to understand the whereabouts of the seeds and the growth of the seedlings in the wild pine forest,the laboratory germination test of the black pine seeds was carried out to verify the quality of the black pine seeds,and observe the germination growth at different periods of seed germination in the field.【Results】The temperature and humidity are very suitable for the germination of black pine seeds in the Rizhao of Shandong in autumn and winter when the seeds of black pine are mature and scattered.Soon after germination,it enters December,which is the period when the lowest temperature of the year begins to appear.The germinated seeds have not yet been unearthed,and the soil begins to freeze,causing all the germinated seeds to freeze and die.【Conclusion】In autumn and winter when the seeds of black pine are ripe and scattered,the temperature and soil humidity in Rizhao are very suitable for the germination of black pine seeds.However,after all the seeds germinate,the temperature drops and the soil begins to freeze,and the sprouts grow slowly and excessively to stop growing.And finally,they all froze to death,causing the seedlings under the black pine forest to disappear.

关 键 词：山东日照 黑松林 种子萌发 幼芽冻害 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]