辣椒穴盘育苗中椰糠替代草炭的效果分析  

Analysis of the Effect of Coconut-bran Replacing Peat in Pepper Plug-seedling

作　　者：佟静 王宝驹[1] 刘宁 白宝锁 梁浩 武占会[1] TONG Jing;WANG Baoju;LIU Ning;BAI Baosuo;LIANG Hao;WU Zhanhui(Institute of Vegetable,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North)of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables/State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding,Beijing 100097,China;Future Zhinong(Beijing)Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101200,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所/农业农村部华北都市农业重点实验室/国家蔬菜工程技术研究中心/蔬菜生物育种全国重点实验室,北京100097 [2]未来智农(北京)科技有限公司,北京101200

出　　处：《蔬菜》2023年第7期21-25,共5页Vegetables

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000300);北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心改革与发展项目(KYCX202001-03;KYCX202306);北京市农林科学院青年科研基金资助项目(QNJJ202248);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20210402);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-24-B-02)。

摘　　要：草炭是短期内不可再生资源,而椰糠作为栽培基质可实现园林废弃物的资源化再利用,为探索椰糠替代草炭用于辣椒穴盘育苗的可能性,采用草炭、蛭石、珍珠岩和椰糠作为育苗基质原料,复合基质中保持20%珍珠岩和20%蛭石(体积比)不变的条件下,以草炭∶蛭石∶珍珠岩为3∶1∶1常用复合基质作为对照组,设计7种育苗基质组合,研究不同比例椰糠替代草炭对辣椒穴盘苗生长和生理的影响。结果表明:复合基质中椰糠替代草炭的处理对辣椒苗期生长指标、干鲜质量和SPAD值影响不尽相同,其中与对照相比,以椰糠∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=3∶1∶1(体积比)处理效果最佳,不但促进了辣椒幼苗的生长,显著增加了株高、茎粗,而且能显著提高辣椒全株干、鲜质量,辣椒的壮苗指数高于对照,但壮苗指数、SPAD值均与对照无显著差异。综上所述,育苗基质中椰糠替代草炭能够有效改善辣椒幼苗质量,且椰糠∶蛭石∶珍珠岩=3∶1∶1(体积比)为最佳辣椒育苗基质组合,说明椰糠可以全部代替草炭用于辣椒穴盘育苗。Peat is a non-renewable resource in the short term,while coconut-bran as a cultivation substrate can realize the recycling of garden waste.In order to alleviate the pressure of peat utilization and explore the possibility of replacing peat with coconut-bran for pepper plug-seedling cultivation,peat,vermiculite,perlite,and coconut-bran were used as the materials of the seedling composite substrate to carry out the experiment.Under the condition of that 20% perlite and 20% vermiculite(volume ratio) were added to the composite substrate,seven treatments were designed with the treatment of peat:vermiculite:perlite = 3:1:1(volume ratio) as the control to study the effects of different proportions of coconut-bran replacing peat on growth and physiology of plug-seedlings of pepper.The results showed that the treatments of coconut-bran instead of peat in the composite substrate had different effects on the growth index,dry and fresh weight and SPAD value of pepper seedlings.Compared with the control,the treatment of coconut-bran:vermiculite:perlite = 3:1:1(volume ratio) had the best effect,which not only promoted the growth of pepper seedlings,significantly increased plant height and stem diameter,but also significantly improved the dry and fresh weight of the whole pepper plant.Then,the strong seedlings index was higher than control,but the strong seedlings index and SPAD value had no significant difference with the control.In conclusion,coconut-bran instead of peat could effectively improve the quality of pepper seedlings,and coconut-bran:vermiculite:perlite = 3:1:1(volume ratio) was the best combination of pepper seedlings,indicating that coconut-bran could completely replace peat for plug-seedling of pepper.

关 键 词：椰糠 草炭 复合基质 辣椒 穴盘育苗 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]