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作 者:沈扬 庞桂斌 薛建文 苏学伟 董文旭[3] 王昕[4] 徐征和 SHEN Yang;PANG Guibin;XUE Jianwen;SU Xuewei;DONG Wenxu;WANG Xin;XU Zhenghe(School of Water Conservancy and Environment,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,Shandong,China;Huantai County Water Conservancy Service Center,Zibo 255020,Shandong,China;Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050022,Hebei,China;Water Resources Research Institute of Shandong Province,Jinan 250014,Shandong,China)
机构地区:[1]济南大学水利与环境学院,山东济南250022 [2]桓台县水利事业服务中心,山东淄博255020 [3]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心,河北石家庄050022 [4]山东省水利科学研究院,山东济南250014
出 处:《济南大学学报(自然科学版)》2023年第4期435-443,共9页Journal of University of Jinan(Science and Technology)
基 金:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0800601);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020ME255)。
摘 要:为了研究生物炭与氮肥施入对夏玉米农田氮素迁移转化规律、氮肥利用效率及产量的影响,开展夏玉米种植测坑试验,设置氮肥施入量和生物炭施入量2个因素,其中氮肥施入量设置150、200 kg/hm^(2)2个水平,生物炭施入量设置0、20、40 t/hm^(2)3个水平,共设计7个处理方案。结果表明:与无生物炭施入的处理方案相比,生物炭施入处理的土壤含水率增大0.52%~58.85%,土壤硝态氮、氨态氮质量分数增大0.48%~436.49%,土壤淋失液中硝态氮、氨态氮总淋失量减小30.46%~83.20%,并且随着生物炭施入量的增大,生物炭的保水保肥功效更明显;当氮肥施入量为200 kg/hm^(2)且生物炭施入量为40 t/hm^(2)时,作物的氮肥农学利用率和氮肥偏生产力最大,夏玉米产量达到11748.86 kg/hm^(2),生物炭施入能使土壤氮素减损,节氮增效,促进夏玉米增产、增收。To investigate effects of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer application on nitrogen migration and transformation laws,nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency,and yield in summer corn fields,a pit test on summer corn planting was conducted.Two factors of nitrogen fertilizer application amount and biochar application amount were set.Two levels of the nitrogen fertilizer application amount were set at 150 kg/hm^(2) and 200 kg/hm^(2),and three levels of biochar application amount were set at 0,20 t/hm^(2) and 40 t/hm^(2).A total of seven treatment schemes were designed.The results show that compared with the treatment scheme without biochar application,the water content in soil increases by 0.52%-58.85%,the mass fraction of nitrate and ammonia nitrogen in soil increases by 0.48%-436.49%,and the total leaching loss of nitrate and ammonia nitrogen in soil leaching solution decreases by 30.46%-83.20%.The water and fertilizer retention effect of biochar was more obvious with the increase of biochar application amount.When the nitrogen fertilizer application amount is 200 kg/hm^(2) and the biochar application amount is 40 t/hm^(2),the agronomic utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer and the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer reach the maximums,and the yield of summer corn reaches 11748.86 kg/hm^(2).The biochar application can reduce the loss of nitrogen in soil,save nitrogen and improve efficiency,and promote the yield and income of summer corn.
关 键 词:农业水土工程 生物炭 夏玉米 氮素淋失 氮肥利用效率
分 类 号:TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程] S275[农业科学—农业水土工程]
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