深海多金属结核采集过程对沉积物扰动试验研究  

Experimental Study on Sediment Disturbance During Collection of Deep⁃Sea Polymetallic Nodules

作　　者：张东宽 刘美麟 夏建新[1] ZHANG Dongkuan;LIU Meilin;XIA Jianxin(Department of Environment,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学环境系,北京100081

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2023年第3期20-23,共4页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1906234,51339008);国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2801500)。

摘　　要：为探究深海多金属结核开采过程对海底沉积物的扰动情况,开展了不同射流速度、不同离底高度、不同行进速度条件下多金属结核采集头射流冲刷沉积物水池实验,探究了冲沟深度变化和沉积物迁移扩散规律。结果表明,多金属结核采集过程不仅冲刷沉积物颗粒,也会冲刷沉积物块,导致冲沟表面凹凸不平;沉积物被扰动后,通过上层羽状流和底层重力流形式迁移扩散。In order to explore disturbance of seabed sediment during mining of polymetallic nodules,a pool experiment was carried out to scour sediment by a waterjet from polymetallic nodules collector.Variation of gully depth,and migration and diffusion regulation of sediments were investigated in the experiment by setting the waterjet at different speed,with nozzle at different height from sediment,and collector at different traveling speed.The results show that the collecting process of polymetallic nodules brings scour to both particles and blocks of sediment,leading to uneven surface of the gully.Then,disturbed sediment migrates and diffuses through upper plume flow and bottom gravity flow.

关 键 词：深海采矿 深海多金属结核 采集头 沉积物扰动 采集机构 羽状流 

分 类 号：TD807[矿业工程—矿山开采]