从废旧磷酸铁锂中选择性提锂制备碳酸锂的工艺研究  

Selective Recovery of Lithium from Waste Lithium Iron Phosphate for Preparation of Lithium Carbonate

作　　者：刘孟杰 范广新[1,2] 尹金佩 张红波 张玉浩 LIU Mengjie;FAN Guangxin;YIN Jinpei;ZHANG Hongbo;ZHANG Yuhao(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,Henan,China;Henan Fuxin Energy Environmental Protection Co Ltd,Jiaozuo 454000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学材料科学与工程学院,河南焦作454000 [2]河南福鑫能源环保有限公司,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2023年第3期106-109,114,共5页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(U1804135,51671080);河南省科技创新人才计划(194200510019)。

摘　　要：以盐酸为浸出剂、NaClO3为氧化剂,从废旧磷酸铁锂正极材料中选择性浸出锂,考察了盐酸用量、固液比和反应时间等参数对锂浸出率的影响。结果表明,在盐酸用量为理论用量的1.0倍、固液比1∶3、反应时间3 h条件下,锂平均浸出率可达99.33%;向浸出液中依次加入氢氧化镁、氢氧化钠可有效去除P、Al和Fe等杂质元素;在95℃下向除杂后溶液中加入无水碳酸钠可制备出Li2CO3,经水洗去除NaCl后,Li_(2)CO_(3)主含量可达99.62%,符合工业级碳酸锂行业标准。In an experiment,with hydrochloric acid as leaching agent and NaClO3 as oxidizing agent,lithium was selectively leached from cathode material of spent lithium iron phosphate battery,and the effects of factors,including dosage of hydrochloric acid,solid⁃liquid ratio and reaction time,on the lithium leaching rate were investigated.It is shown that with an addition of hydrochloric acid at an amount of 1.0 time theoretical value,solid⁃liquid ratio of 1∶3 and reaction time of 3 h,the average lithium leaching rate can reach 99.33%by using this process.After that,magnesium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide were added into the raffinate in turn to remove impurities of P,Al and Fe.And then,the obtained solution was used to prepare Li_(2)CO_(3) at 95℃by adding anhydrous sodium carbonate.After water washing to remove NaCl,a high purity Li 2CO3(99.62%)can be obtained,which meets the industrial standard for industrial⁃grade lithium carbonate.

关 键 词：废旧磷酸铁锂电池 正极材料 磷酸铁锂 锂 回收 碳酸锂 

分 类 号：TF111[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]