鄱阳湖边缘地带沉积物重金属的累积特征及其生态风险研究  

Accumulation Characteristics and Ecological Risk of Sediment Heavy Metals in the Marginal Area of Poyang Lake

作　　者：张小龙 王伟民 戴伟强 王香莲[5] 张湘文 吴代赦 黄庭 ZHANG Xiaolong;WANG Weimin;DAI Weiqiang;WANG Xianglian;ZHANG Xiangwen;WU Daishe;HUANG Ting(School of Resources Environmental&Chemical Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;Shenzhen Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Guangdong Province,Shenzhen Guangdong 523950,China;Bixing IOT Technology(Shenzhen)Co.,LTD.,Shenzhen Guangdong 523950,China;School of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Pingxiang University,Pingxiang Jiangxi 337000,China;Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang 330031,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学资源环境与化工学院,南昌330031 [2]广东省深圳生态环境监测中心站,广东深圳523950 [3]碧兴物联科技(深圳)股份有限公司,广东深圳523950 [4]萍乡学院材料与化学工程学院,江西萍乡337000 [5]南昌工程学院,南昌330031

出　　处：《地球与环境》2023年第4期431-440,共10页Earth and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(41402312);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0800900);江西省自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(2018BAB213017)。

摘　　要：论文探究了鄱阳湖边缘地带沉积物中Hg、Cu、Pb、Cd、Zn、As、Cr、Ni重金属含量与理化指标的相关性,运用内梅罗、地累积、污染负荷与潜在生态风险指数法对研究区沉积物中8种重金属累积特征进行了分析及风险评价。结果表明,沉积物中Cu、Hg、Pb、Cd、Zn、As、Cr、Ni的含量均值是鄱阳湖背景值的5.61、1.71、2.29、5.83、2.10、0.85、2.20、1.40倍;重金属元素与pH、有机质(OM)显著相关(P<0.01),与氧化还原电位(Eh)相关(P<0.05),与粒度(D)相关性不显著;由于环境影响,边缘点源重金属污染可能会转成面源污染,8种重金属污染来源主要为生活生产人为来源与工农业、矿厂来源,Cu为主要污染因子,其严重程度为Cu>Cd>Pb>Cr>Zn>Hg>Ni>As;鄱阳湖重金属污染负荷等级为强,部分研究区域受到重大环境污染,单一元素的潜在危害性为Cd>Hg>Cu>Pb>As>Ni>Cr>Zn,总潜在生态危险平均值为302.2,研究区重金属为强生态风险。To characterize the distribution of Hg,Cu,Pb,Cd,Zn,As,Cr and Ni in sediments in the marginal area of Poyang Lake,their correlation with physical and chemical parameters were investigated.Furthermore,the accumulation characteristics of these eight heavy metals in sediments were analyzed and the risk assessment was carried out with Nemero,the geoaccumulation index,the pollution load and the potential ecological risk index.The results highlight that the mean sediment contents of Cu,Hg,Pb,Cd,Zn,As,Cr and Ni in the marginal area were respectively 5.61,1.71,2.29,5.83,2.10,0.85,2.20 and 1.40 times higher than the background values of the whole Poyang Lake.Heavy metal contents correlated significantly with pH,organic matter(OM)(P<0.01),redox potential(Eh)(P<0.05),but not with the particle size(D).Due to environmental impacts,heavy metals from marginal point sources may be turned into non-point source pollution.The sources of these eight heavy metals are mainly of domestic,industrial,agricultural and mining activities.Cu is the major pollution factor,and the severity is in the order of Cu>Cd>Pb>Cr>Zn>Hg>Ni>As.The heavy metals pollution load level of Poyang Lake is so strong that some of the study areas are subject to significant environmental contamination.The potential hazard of a single element is in the order of Cd>Hg>Cu>Pb>As>Ni>Cr>Zn and the mean value of the total potential ecological risk is 302.2.Heavy metals are accordingly a strong ecological risk in the study area.

关 键 词：鄱阳湖 边缘地带 重金属 累积 生态风险 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]