发达国家农地细碎化治理的经验与启示——以德国、法国、荷兰和日本为例  

Experience and Enlightenment from the Management of Farmland Fragmentation in Developed Countries——Taking Germany,France,the Netherlands,and Japan as Examples

作　　者：刘同山 钱龙[2] Liu Tongshan;Qian Long

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学经济管理学院,云南昆明650201 [2]南京财经大学粮食和物资学院,江苏南京210003

出　　处：《中州学刊》2023年第7期58-66,共9页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“农业社会化服务对化学农资减量施用的影响:理论机制、效应识别与政策优化”(72273061);江苏省社会科学基金青年项目“江苏农业转型发展中耕地非粮化治理研究”(22GLC015);农业农村部政策与改革司2023年委托课题“稳定土地承包权基础上‘小田并大田’的实现机制研究”(05230029)。

摘　　要：与中国类似,西方发达国家在实现农业现代化过程中也曾面临农地细碎化问题。对德国、法国、荷兰和日本的典型经验分析发现,这些国家开展农地细碎化治理的主要做法包括重视土地整治在地块连片中的关键作用、发挥土地流转对农地规模经营的带动效应,以及建立中介组织推动土地整治和土地流转等。中国进行农地细碎化治理,需要借鉴国际经验,制定法律法规以提高治理规范性、有序性,以土地整治和土地流转两种方式协调推动治理,组建专门的土地治理中介组织,加大对进城农户土地退出的奖补力度,缓解土地治理主体的资金压力。Similar to China,western developed countries have also faced the problem of farmland fragmentation in the process of realizing agricultural modernization.An analysis of typical experiences in Germany,France,the Netherlands,and Japan reveals that the main measures taken by these countries to manage the farmland fragmentation include emphasizing the key role of land consolidation in contiguity of plots,leveraging the driving effect of land transfer on the scale of agricultural land management,and establishing intermediary organizations to promote land consolidation and land transfer.China needs to learn from international experience,formulate laws and regulations to improve the standardization and orderliness of governance,coordinate and promote governance through land consolidation and land circulation,establish specialized intermediary organizations for land consolidation,increase the reward and compensation for the return of land to urban farmers,and alleviate the financial pressure on land governance subjects in the governance of farmland fragmentation.

关 键 词：农地细碎化 土地整治 土地流转 国际经验 

分 类 号：F310[经济管理—产业经济]