一株乳突赤壳属蕨麻致病菌的鉴定及生物学特性  

Identification and Biological Characteristics of a Thelonectria Pathogenic Fungi of Potentilla anserina L.

作　　者：王鑫慈 李军乔 李晨芹 田甜 曲俊儒 WANG Xinci;LI Junqiao;LI Chenqin;TIAN Tian;QU Junru(College of Ecological Environment and Resources,Qinghai University for Nationalities,Tibetan Plateau Juema Industry Research Institute,Xining 810007,China)

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学生态环境与资源学院,青藏高原蕨麻产业研究院,西宁810007

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2023年第5期87-95,共9页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：青海省自然科学基金面上项目(2021-ZJ-911);青海民族大学研究生创新项目(54M2021003)。

摘　　要：为了明确引起蕨麻根腐病的病原菌及其生物学特性,从青海省门源蕨麻人工种植基地患根腐病的蕨麻块根部分离得到菌株MY-BSX4-1,对其进行致病性检测、形态学观察、rDNA-ITS序列分析鉴定,同时分析不同温度、pH、光照、碳源、氮源、培养基对该病原菌生长及其产孢量的影响。结果表明,根据形态学观察和rDNA-ITS序列分析将MY-BSX4-1菌株鉴定为乳突赤壳属(Thelonectria olida)。致病性研究表明,该菌株符合柯赫氏法则,是导致蕨麻根腐病的病原真菌。生物学特性研究表明,菌株MY-BSX4-1菌丝生长和产孢的最适温度均为25℃;光照有利于菌丝生长,且对菌落产孢无明显影响;pH 4.0~12.0时菌丝均能较好生长,其中菌丝生长的最适pH为6.0~9.0,产孢最适pH为8.0;碳源中可溶性淀粉利于菌丝生长,乳糖利于产孢,果糖不利于菌丝生长;氮源中牛肉浸膏利于菌丝生长,硝酸铵不利于菌丝生长;蕨麻煎汁培养基和蕨麻煎汁培养基(硝酸钠)有利于菌丝生长和产孢;菌丝致死温度为47℃、10min。In order to identify the pathogen causing the root rot of Potentilla anserina L.and its biological characteristics,the strain MY-BSX4-1 was as material,which isolated from the tuberous root of Potentilla anserina in the artificial planting base of Menyuan,Qinghai province.The strain MY-BSX4-1 was analyzed by the pathogenic detection,morphological observation,rDNA-ITS sequence analysis.The growth and spore production of the pathogen were analyzed under different temperatures,pH,light,carbon sources,nitrogen sources and culture media.The results showed that MY-BSX4-1 was identified as Thelonectria olida according to its morphological characteristics and rDNA-ITS sequence analysis.It was identified to be the pathogenic fungus of Potentilla anserina L.according to Koch’s rule.The biological characteristics showed that the optimum temperature of strain MY-BSX4-1 was 25℃for mycelial growth and spore production.The light condition was beneficial to mycelium growth,but had no obvious effect on spore production.The mycelium could grow well at pH 4.0~12.0,which the optimum pH for mycelium growth was 6.0~9.0 and the optimum pH was 8.0 for spore production.In carbon sources,soluble starch was beneficial to mycelial growth,lactose was beneficial to spore production,while fructose was unfavorable to mycelial growth.In nitrogen sources,beef extract was beneficial to mycelial growth,while ammonium nitrate was unfavorable to mycelial growth.Potentilla anserina L juice medium(JM)and JM(sodium nitrate)were beneficial to mycelial growth and spore production.The lethal temperature of mycelium was 47℃for 10 min.

关 键 词：蕨麻 根腐病 乳突赤壳属菌 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S58[农业科学—作物学]