基质配比对胡萝卜根系生长及生理特性的影响  

Effects of Substrate Ratio on Root Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Carrot

作　　者：何凌枫 陈晨 邓元杰 卢杰 王广龙 谭国飞 王雅慧 段奥其 束胜 刘慧 熊爱生[1] HE Lingfeng;CHEN Chen;DENG Yuanjie;LU Jie;WANG Guanglong;TAN Guofei;WANG Yahui;DUAN Aoqi;SHU Sheng;LIU Hui;XIONG Aisheng(College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Innovation/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation in East China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210095;Jiangsu Anghe Agricultural Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Lianyungang,Jiangsu 222199;College of Life Science and Food Engineering,Huaiyin Institute of Technology,Huai’an,Jiangsu 223003;Institute of Horticulture,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006;Academy of Protected Horticultures,Nanjing Agricultural University(Suqian),Suqian,Jiangsu 223800)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室/农业农村部华东地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室,南京210095 [2]江苏昂和农业科技有限公司,江苏连云港222199 [3]淮阴工学院生命科学与食品工程学院,江苏淮安223003 [4]贵州省农业科学院园艺研究所,贵阳550006 [5]南京农业大学(宿迁)设施园艺研究院,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第16期12-19,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“胡萝卜3号染色体P3位点DcMYBs基因簇在花青苷合成中的精细调控机制研究”(32072563);江苏省政策引导类计划(苏北科技专项)“胡萝卜新品种及绿色高效生产新技术应用与示范”(SZ-LYG2020031);江苏高校优势学科建设项目“园艺学”(PAPD)。

摘　　要：为探究容重差异显著的2种基质不同配比对胡萝卜根系生长的作用,以‘黑田五寸’胡萝卜为试验材料,将有机栽培基质和细砂以3:1(T1)、2:1(T2)、1:1(T3)、1:2(T4)、1:3(T5)比例混合进行胡萝卜种植,测定胡萝卜主要农艺性状及类胡萝卜素、可溶性糖含量。结果表明,胡萝卜各农艺性状指标呈现一定的相关性,随着基质中细砂比例的增加,其总鲜重、地上部鲜重、地下部鲜重、须根鲜重以及须根含水量呈先上升后下降的趋势,最大值分别为18.83 g、6.79 g、14.02 g、6.68 g以及98.49%。主根长度呈先下降再上升的趋势,主根直径呈上升趋势,最大值分别为15.32 cm、13.47 mm。根冠比变化幅度相对较小,最大值为3.23。T3处理种植的胡萝卜主要农艺性状综合表现较好。不同基质种植胡萝卜肉质根中的类胡萝卜素和可溶性糖含量差异显著,两者都随细砂比例增加呈先上升后下降的趋势。类胡萝卜素含量和可溶性糖含量分别在T2和T3处理达到高峰,为39.74μg/g、27.92 mg/g,显著高于其他处理组。试验证明,不同基质配比对胡萝卜生长及营养物质积累具有显著影响。To investigate the effect of different ratios of two substrates with significant differences in bulk density on the root growth of carrot,the‘Kuroda’carrot was used as experimental material,the organic cultivation substrate and fine sand were mixed in the ratio of 3:1(T1),2:1(T2),1:1(T3),1:2(T4)and 1:3(T5)for carrot cultivation.Then,the main agronomic characters,carotenoid and soluble sugar contents of carrots were determined.The results indicated that each agronomic trait of carrot showed a certain correlation.The total fresh weight,aboveground fresh weight,underground fresh weight,fibrous root fresh weight and fibrous root water content showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of the proportion of fine sand in the substrate.The maximum values were 18.83 g,6.79 g,14.02 g,6.68 g and 98.49%,respectively.The length of taproot tended to decrease and then increase,and the diameter of taproot tended to increase,with maximum values of 15.32 cm and 13.47 mm,respectively.The variation of root shoot ratio was relatively small,with a maximum value of 3.23.Carrot grown in the T3 treatment performed better overall for the main agronomic traits.The contents of carotenoids and soluble sugars in carrot fleshy root in different substrates were significantly different,increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of the proportion of fine sand.The carotenoid content and soluble sugar contents peaked at 39.74μg/g and 27.92 mg/g in the T2 and T3 treatment groups,respectively,which were significantly higher than other treatment groups.The experiment proved that different substrate ratios had significant effects on the growth and nutrient accumulation of carrots.

关 键 词：胡萝卜 有机栽培基质 细砂 根系生长 生理特性 

分 类 号：S631.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]