几个新选水稻不育系主要农艺性状的配合力及通径分析  

Agronomic Trait Combining Abilities and Correlation with Yield of New Male Sterile Rice Lines

作　　者：邬相宏 张杰[1] 江青山[1] 廖宗永[1] 包灵丰[1] 陈家彬[1] 姜方洪[1] 韩冬 李恒进 赵德明[1] WU Xianghong;ZHANG Jie;JIANG Qingshan;LIAO Zongyong;BAO Lingfeng;CHEN Jiabin;JIANG Fanghong;HAN Dong;LI Hengjin;ZHAO Deming(Yibin Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Sichuan Province,Yibin,Sichuan 644600,China)

机构地区：[1]宜宾市农业科学院,四川宜宾644000

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2023年第4期401-409,共9页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01-96);国家产业技术体系四川省水稻创新团队项目(CXTD-2021-01);四川省科技计划重点研发项目(2021YFYZ0016)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究五良A、酒都A、Z1A和1281A 4个新选水稻不育系主要农艺性状的配合力,同时分析不同农艺性状对产量的影响。【方法】采用6×6 NCⅡ遗传设计,利用6个不育系(S)和6个恢复系(R)杂交配组36个组合,对杂交组合的8个农艺性状进行配合力分析、相关及通径分析。【结果】(1)8个农艺性状在不育系或恢复系或两者间的一般配合力方差均达到显著或极显著水平,除株高外其他7个农艺性状的特殊配合力方差均达到显著或极显著水平,说明多数农艺性状受到加性效应和非加性效应共同影响。(2)株高、穗长、千粒重和每穗颖花数等4个性状广义遗传率较高,主要受到遗传的影响,其中株高、穗长和千粒重的狭义遗传率也较高(>70%),三者主要受到基因加性效应的影响,结实率、单株有效穗数和单株产量的狭义遗传率相对较低(<50%),表明这些性状受到基因非加性效应和环境的影响较大。(3)相关分析结果表明,千粒重、穗长、单株有效穗数和结实率与单株产量呈显著或极显著正相关,通径分析结果表明,千粒重、单株有效穗数对单株产量的直接作用达到极显著正相关,农艺性状之间通过相互促进与制约来共同影响单株产量。【结论】4个新选不育系中,五良A、酒都A多数农艺性状的一般配合力和特殊配合力效应较高,具有较好的应用前景;在川南中籼稻区,千粒重和单株有效穗数是影响单株产量的关键因素。【Objective】 Agronomic trait combining abilities and correlation with crop yield of 4 newly bred male sterile rice lines were studied.【Method】 Based on the 6×6 NC II design,36 hybrids were generated from 6 sterile and 6 restorer rice lines.Combining abilities and correlation with crop yield of 8 agronomic traits of the hybrids were analyzed.【Result】(1) The variance of general combining ability(GCA) on the traits of the sterile and restorer lines or between the two lines were significantly or extremely significantly different.Aside from plant height,the variance of special combining ability(SCA) on the traits also reached a significant or extremely significant level.It indicated that most of the agronomic traits were affected by both additive and non-additive factors.(2) The generalized heritability on plant height,panicle length,1000-grain weight,and spikelet count per panicle were high.The narrow heritability on plant height,panicle length,and 1000-grain weight were also high(70%) and largely controlled by the additive effect of the genes;whereas those on seed setting rate,effective panicle per plant,and yield per plant relatively low( 50%) and basically shaped by the non-additive effects of the genes and environment.(3) The 1000-grain weight,panicle length,effective panicle per plant,and seed-setting rate significantly or extremely significantly correlated with the yield per plant.A path analysis indicated that it was the 1000-grain weight and effective panicle number per plant that directly governed the yield,whereas the intertwined promotional and restrictive actions of the various agronomic traits exerted their effect.【Conclusion】 Among the 4 newly bred sterile rice lines,Wuliang A and Jiudu A had higher GCA and SCA on most agronomic traits and were preferable for breeding applications.The 1 000-grain weight and effective panicle number per plant were the key agronomic traits that related to the rice crop production.

关 键 词：水稻不育系 农艺性状 配合力 通径分析 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]