臭椿枝叶化学成分抗烟草花叶病毒活性研究  

Anti-TMV Activity of Chemicals in Leaves and Branches of Ailanthus altissima

作　　者：吴江梅 左安建 邹正彪 刘洋[1] 张威[1] 符滔 闫晓慧[1] 胡世俊 WU Jiangmei;ZUO Anjian;ZOU Zhengbiao;LIU Yang;ZHANG Wei;FU Tao;YAN Xiaohui;HU Shijun(Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province/College of Biodiversity Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650233,China;College of Forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650233,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学生物多样性保护学院/云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学林学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2023年第4期454-460,共7页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32160378);云南省应用基础研究重点项目(2019FA011);云南省高层次人才项目(YNWR-QNBJ-2018-300)。

摘　　要：【目的】对臭椿(Ailanthus altissima)化学成分及其抗烟草花叶病毒(TMV)活性进行研究,为开发新型植物病毒抑制剂提供理论依据。【方法】综合运用硅胶、凝胶、MCI等多种柱层析方法对臭椿枝叶正丁醇提取物化学成分进行分离,利用NMR、MS鉴定其结构;以TMV为供试病毒,采用半叶枯斑法从保护活性、治疗活性、钝化活性等3个方面评估化合物的生物活性。【结果】从臭椿枝叶正丁醇提取物中分离鉴定了17个化合物,根据其理化性质以及波谱数据分别鉴定为:山奈酚(Kaempferol)(1)、(2S)-3-O-Octadeca-9Z,12Z,15Z-trienoylgycery-O-β-Dgalactopyranoside(2)、正二十六烷(Hexacosane)(3)、6,9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid(4)、Eichlerianic acid(5)、Colocasinol A(6)、咖啡酸二十烷酯(Caffeicacideicosanylester)(7)、Acernikol(8)、(-)-Sakuyayesinol(9)、(14S,17S,20S,24R)-20,24,25-trihydroxy-14,17-cylomalabarican-3-one(10)、PinnataE(11)、morin-3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside(12)、Trans-syringin(13)、姜糖脂A(Gingerglycolipid A)(14)、姜糖脂B(gingerglycolipid B)(15)、benzyl 2-O-β-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-β-Dglucopyranosyl-2,6-dihydroxy-benzoate(16)、picrorhizoside C(17)。化合物2、14、15为首次从该植物中分离得到。在质量浓度为50μg·mL^(-1)时,化合物6、8、13、14对TMV的钝化活性较为显著,抑制率均在50%以上,与阳性对照药剂宁南霉素无显著差异,分别为木脂素类化合物、木脂素类化合物、苯丙素类化合物和半乳糖脂类化合物。【结论】从臭椿枝叶中分离得到的17个化合物,均对TMV具有抑制作用,部分半乳糖脂类化合物、木脂素类化合物、苯丙素类化合物对TMV有显著的钝化作用,研究结果丰富了臭椿抗TMV活性物质的范畴,也为今后开发新型植物病毒抑制剂提供了科学依据。【Objective】 Chemical composition and anti-tobacco mosaic virus(TMV) activity of Ailanthus altissima were studied to pave the way for developing an effective viral inhibitor.【Methods】 Substrates in the n-butanol extract of leaves and branches of A.altissima plants were separated using silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,and MCI column chromatography.Chemical structures of the substrates were determined based on NMR and MS data,and anti-TMV activity of the compounds examined using the half-leaf method.【Results】 The 17 compounds isolated from the n-butanol extract were identified to be:(1) kaempferol,(2)(2S)-3-o-octadeca-9Z,12Z,15Z-trienoylgycery-O-β-D-galactopyranoside,(3) hexacosane,(4) 6,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid,(5) eichlerianic acid,(6) colocasinol A,(7) caffeic acid eicosanyl ester,(8) acernikol,(9)(-)-Sakuyayesinol(10),(14S,17S,20S,24R)-20,24,25-trihydroxy-14,17-cylomalabarican-3-one,(11) 4-(3-butoxy-1-hydroxy-2-methoxypropyl) benzene-1,2-diol,(12) pinnata,(13) trans-syringin,(14) gingerglycolipid A,(15) gingerglycolipid B,(16)benzyl 2-o-β-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2,6-dihydroxy-benzoate,and(17) picrorhizoside C.Among them,Compounds 2,14,and 15 were isolated from the plant for the first time.And the lignans,phenylpropanoids,or galactose lipids,such as Compounds 6,8,13,and 14 at concentration of 50 μg·mL^(-1) displayed a TMV inactivation rate greater than 50%,which was similar to that of the positive control,ningnamycin.For Compounds 6,13,and 14,the rates were even higher than that of ningnamycin.【Conclusion】 All 17 substances isolated from the leaves and branches of A.altissima exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory effect on TMV.The efficacy was more significant as shown by certain Lignans,phenylpropanoids,and galactose lipids.

关 键 词：臭椿 化学成分 分离鉴定 半叶枯斑法 抗TMV活性 

分 类 号：S482.1[农业科学—农药学]