地面覆盖反光膜对巨峰葡萄果实着色及品质的影响  

Effects of Ground-covering Reflective Film on Coloration and Quality of Kyoho Grapes

作　　者：刘鑫铭[1,2] 陈婷 林金辉[1,2] 雷龑 LIU Xinming;CHEN Ting;LIN Jinhui;LEI Yan(Fruit Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China;Research Centre for Engineering Technology of Fujian Deciduous Fruits,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院果树研究所,福建福州350013 [2]福建省落叶果树工程技术研究中心,福建福州350013

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2023年第5期559-565,共7页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2022J01475);福建省科技计划公益类专项(2020R10280013);“十四五”福建省种业创新与产业化工程项目(zycxny2021010);福建省农业高质量发展超越“5511”协同创新工程项目(XTCXGC2021006);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-29)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究避雨栽培条件下葡萄园地面覆盖反光膜(银白色镀铝塑料膜)对巨峰葡萄果实色泽及品质的综合影响。【方法】在福建省建瓯市小松镇,以3年生避雨栽培巨峰葡萄为试材,于果实转色初期行间地面覆盖反光膜,比较覆膜对果实成熟过程中果穗上下部果粒着色、花色苷含量、果粒纵横经、果形指数、可溶性固形物含量、糖组分及总酸含量等的影响。【结果】地面覆盖反光膜有利于巨峰葡萄提早转色,促进果穗上下部着色一致,果皮花色苷含量显著提高;覆膜后果穗不同部位的果粒硬度值提升67.30%以上,单粒质量提升26.79%以上;果粒呈椭圆形或长圆形,可以良好体现巨峰葡萄粒形性状;覆膜后巨峰葡萄的总糖和糖组分含量较对照有不同程度提升且果穗下部糖含量提升明显;处理较对照组可溶性固形物含量略有提升但差异不显著。【结论】避雨栽培巨峰葡果实成熟前30 d行间铺设反光膜可有效促进果穗下部果粒转色,果实着色均匀一致,果皮花色苷含量提升,果实品质稳定,可在生产中进一步推广应用。【Objective】Effects of placing a sunlight-reflecting film on the ground on the coloration and quality of Kyoho grapes were studied.【Method】In a rain shelter at Xiaosong Town,Jian'ou City,Fujian,3-year-old Kyoho grape vines were cultivated.In between rows,a silver-white aluminized plastic film was placed on the ground starting from the initiation of fruit color change till maturity.Effects of the film application on color of the grapes on upper and lower parts of a bunch as well as the anthocyanin content,longitudinal and transverse longitudes,shape index,as well as the contents of soluble solids,sugars,and total acid of the fruits during the ripening process were monitored.【Results】The ground-covering reflective film hastened the grape color formation,evened the color development of individual fruits on a cluster,and significantly increased the anthocyanin content in the peel.The firmness of the grapes increased by more than 67.30%,while the individual fruit weight rose by more than 26.79%.A uniform typical oval or oblong Kyoho grape shape was obtained on the vines.Although a slight increase on the soluble solids in the fruits by the film application was observed,it was not significant.【Conclusion】Covering ground with the reflective film 30d prior to fruit maturation significantly facilitated Kyoho grape vines in achieving the desirable uniformity on fruit color development and shape formation in a rain shelter.In addition,the application significantly increased anthocyanin content in the peel that could materially intensify the color enhancing the visual and bioactivity quality of the grapes for marketing.

关 键 词：反光膜 巨峰葡萄 果实着色 品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]