聚苯胺修饰金电极传感器的制备及在废水4-硝基苯酚检测中的应用  

Preparation of Polyaniline Modified Gold Electrode Sensors and Application in Detection of 4-nitrophenol in wastewater

作　　者：秦建芳[1] 康婧 霍雅倩 姚陈忠[1] 杨海英[1] QIN Jianfang;KANG Jing;HUO Yaqian;YAO Chenzhong;YANG Haiying(Department of Applied Chemistry,Yuncheng University,Yuncheng 044000,China)

机构地区：[1]运城学院应用化学系,山西运城044000

出　　处：《运城学院学报》2023年第3期29-36,共8页Journal of Yuncheng University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1810110);山西省省筹留学人员回国科研项目(2020-140);运城学院应用研究项目(CY-2021012)。

摘　　要：4-硝基苯酚(4-NP)为典型具有“三致”效应的环境优先控制污染物。建立废水中4-NP快速、灵敏的检测方法,对提高监测时效具有重要意义。在酸性水溶液中,以过二硫酸铵作引发剂,采用化学氧化法制备聚苯胺(PANI),对4-NP表现出良好的电催化性能。用扫描电镜对电极的表面形貌进行了表征,4-NP在该电极表面的反应为受扩散控制的两电子转移过程,修饰电极的有效面积是裸电极的1.72倍。采用计时电流法、计时电量法分别计算了催化速率常数k_(cat)=1.50×10^(4)L/(mol·s)和4-NP的扩散系数D=5.12×10^(-4)cm^(2)/s。最优条件下,在7.50×10^(-7)~2.31×10^(-3)mol/L浓度范围内,△I与4-NP浓度的对数(lgc)呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.4μmol/L(S/N=3)。该电化学传感器重复性好、稳定性高、有一定的抗干扰性。对实际水样中4-NP的含量进行了测定,其加标回收率在89.08%~102.30%的范围之间。4-nitrophenol(4-NP)is a typical environmental priority pollutant with"three induced"effect.To establish and develop a rapid and sensitive method for the determination of 4-nitrophenol in wastewater is of great significance to improve the monitoring effectiveness.Polyaniline was synthesized by chemical oxidation in acidic aqueous solution with ammonium persulfate as initiator.It showed good electrocatalytic performance for 4-nitrophenol(4-NP).The surface morphology of the electrodes was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),the mechanism of the electrode reaction of 4-NP involved a two electron process accompanied by a diffusion step,the effective area of the modified electrode is 1.72 times as large as that of the bare electrode.The catalytic rate constants kcat=1.50×10^(4)L/(mol·s)and the diffusion coefficient D=5.12×10^(-4)cm^(2)/s for 4-NP were calculated using the chrono-current method and chrono-electricity method.The optimal conditions were 7.50×10^(-7)to 2.31×10^(-3)mol/L concentration range,△I vs.4-NP concentration of log(lgc)showed a good linear relationship with the detection limit of 0.4μmol/L(S/N=3).The electrochemical sensor is reproducible,stable and has some anti-interference properties.The content of 4-NP in the actual water samples was determined with the spiked recoveries in the range of 89.08%~102.30%.

关 键 词：PANI/Au 4-硝基苯酚 催化速率常数 扩散系数 

分 类 号：O657[理学—分析化学]