格里芬纹样在中国的传播与会通  

Introduction and local evolution of Griffin patterns in China

作　　者：仪德刚 钱怡[2] YI Degang;QIAN Yi(College of Humanities,Donghua University,Shanghai 200051,China;College of Textiles,Donghua University,Shanghai 200051,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学人文学院,上海200051 [2]东华大学纺织学院,上海200051

出　　处：《丝绸》2023年第7期124-134,共11页Journal of Silk

基　　金：国家社会科学基金冷门“绝学”和国别史等研究专项项目(19VJX143);东华大学“一带一路”项目(22D111013/005)。

摘　　要：作为在世界文化艺术交流史中颇具影响的格里芬纹样的起源和在中国本土的传入、传播与发展,是纺织服饰史和丝路交流史研究不可回避的重要学术问题。结合新近出土的文物和史料发现,文章认为格里芬起源于公元前三千纪的古埃及,随后传播至两河流域和古希腊,并伴随欧洲大陆的“罗马化进程”向东传播,通过北方草原民族传入中国西北地区。元代以格里芬为主题的纳石矢织金锦,从艺术和织造技术上综合反映出了这一历史时期中西文化交流的盛况。对格里芬纹样的深入研究有助于对中西方物质文化交流的路径和范围理解更加细化,对中国丝织品纹样史也具有一定的理论意义。Griffin is an important art theme in the area of culture and art.The origin and propagation route of Griffin were discussed in this paper.The Belt and Road Initiative has refocused the attention of researchers on Griffin,a typical art topic in the history where Chinese and Western civilizations meet.An in-depth study of the Griffin motif is helpful to better understand the path and scope of culture exchange between China and the West,and is of certain theoretical significance for the history of silk patterns in China.After systematically collecting,organizing and analyzing the Griffin physical archaeological material by literature review,we drew four major conclusions.First,according to the cultural relics,Griffin originated in ancient Egypt around 3000 BC,then spread to the Mesopotamia and Greece,and spread throughout Europe with the process of Romanization.The Griffin motif spread into northwestern China during the Warring States period from the 4 th to 3 rd centuries BC through the northern route.Second,the Griffin shape gradually faded in the late Warring States period,while more localized winged beasts appeared in China.During the Qin and Han Dynasties,China’s widely spread winged animal patterns were more localized Bixie and Tianlu,winged horse patterns were the most characteristic winged animal patterns during the Wei,Jin and North and South Dynasties and the Sui,Tang and Five Dynasties,the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties,and the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and China’s winged animal pattern theme mainly reflected the hierarchical status of the dragon and phoenix patterns and so on.The eagle and the lion,as steppe animals,were more worshiped by the steppe peoples in Central Asia and North Asia,and this change reflects the cultural differences between different peoples.Third,the special background of national integration during the Yuan Dynasty provided the cultural soil for the re-popularization of Griffin motifs in China.The Griffin motif of the Yuan Dynasty reflects the exchange between Chinese and W

关 键 词：格里芬 有翼神兽 纺织品纹样 纳石矢 中西交流 传播与会通 

分 类 号：TS941.12[轻工技术与工程—服装设计与工程] K865.9[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]