何魁核电站拟选厂址水体天然放射性核素分布特征及健康风险评价  

Distribution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Natural Radionuclides in the Water Body in the Vicinity of a Proposed Site of Hekui Nuclear Power Plant

作　　者：邸齐梦 董一慧 李佳乐 徐卫东[1] 高柏[1,2] 陈功新[1,2] DI Qimeng;DONG Yihui;LI Jiale;XU Weidong;GAO Bai;CHEN Gongxin(School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学水资源与环境工程学院,南昌330013 [2]东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室,南昌330013

出　　处：《有色金属工程》2023年第7期134-146,共13页Nonferrous Metals Engineering

基　　金：国际原子能机构协调研究项目(F33026,F33024);东华理工大学实验技术开发项目(DHSY-202222,DHSY-202263)。

摘　　要：为分析江西何魁核电站建设前附近水体天然放射性核素的分布特征及潜在健康风险,于何魁核电站拟选厂址及周边采集地表水样品5个、井水样品29个和泉水样品8个,分析^(238)U、^(232)Th、^(226)Ra和40 K含量,采用国际辐射防护委员会和美国国家环境保护局推荐的内照射剂量系数法,评估不同年龄人群经饮水途径摄入放射性核素的致癌风险。结果表明,研究区水体中238 U、232 Th和226 Ra的活度浓度均低于世界卫生组织饮用水水质标准,与国内外饮用水相比,其天然放射性处于偏低水平。放射性核素致癌风险在地表水中从高到低依次为:幼儿组(1.71×10^(-8)a^(-1))>成人组(3.99×10^(-9)a^(-1))>少年组(3.21×10^(-9)a^(-1));其在浅层地下水中依次为:幼儿组>少年组>成人组,均低于1×10^(-6)a^(-1)(美国国家环境保护局标准),但对幼儿致癌风险最大。本研究可为核电站运行后的辐射环境监测提供本底资料,并为核电站附近水环境安全提供科学依据和理论参考。To study distribution characteristics and potential health risks of natural radionuclides in the nearby water body before the construction of Hekui Nuclear Power Plant(NPP)in Jiangxi province,five surface water,twenty-nine well water and eight spring water samples were collected from the proposed site of Hekui NPP,and activity concentrations of^(238)U,^(232)Th,^(226)Ra and 40 K were analyzed.The internal radiation dose coefficient method recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection(ICRP)and the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(U S EPA)was used to assess the carcinogenic risk of ingesting nuclides through drinking water in people of different ages.Results showed that activity concentrations of 238 U,232 Th and 226 Ra in the water body of the study area were lower than the World Health Organization(WHO)standards for potable water.Compared with research at home and abroad,activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in the water body of the study area was at a low level.The risk of cancer caused by radionuclides in surface water in the descending order was as follows:children group(1.71×10^(-8)a^(-1))>adult group(3.99×10^(-9)a^(-1))>juvenile group(3.21×10^(-9)a^(-1)).The order in shallow groundwater was:children group>juvenile group>adult group.All the risk values of carcinogenesis were lower than 1×10^(-6)a^(-1)(US EPA standard),but the risk children was highest.This study provides background data for radiative environment monitoring after NPP is built,and provides a scientific basis and theoretical reference for the safety of the water environment near NPPs.

关 键 词：何魁核电站 浅层地下水 天然放射性核素 分布特征 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]