三级表面流人工湿地对猪场废水深度净化效果研究  

Deep purification effect of three-stage surface flow constructed wetland on pig farm wastewater

作　　者：徐少奇 贾凯雪 解林奇[2] 王志刚 李季[1,3] 魏雨泉 XU Shaoqi;JIA Kaixue;XIE Linqi;WANG Zhigang;LI Ji;WEI Yuquan(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Beijing Dabeinong Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100080,China;Organic Recycling Research Institute(Suzhou)of China Agricultural University,Suzhou 215100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司,北京100080 [3]中国农业大学有机循环研究院(苏州),江苏苏州215100

出　　处：《工业水处理》2023年第7期86-93,共8页Industrial Water Treatment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32071552);国家环境保护食品链污染防治重点实验室开放课题基金项目(FC2022YB01);北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司内部项目(DBW0056)。

摘　　要：构建三级表面流人工湿地处理低浓度猪场废水并评价其净化效果,同时利用高通量测序技术表征湿地运行前后底泥微生物群落结构变化。低浓度猪场废水中化学需氧量(COD)、总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH4+-N)、总磷(TP)分别为87.7、32.3、29.5、3.3 mg/L,经三级人工湿地处理后出水各指标平均质量浓度分别为20.0、8.7、8.5、0.5 mg/L,即该人工湿地对各指标的去除率分别为77%、73%、71%、84%。表面流人工湿地的运行影响了底泥微生物群落结构,各级人工湿地底泥细菌群落多样性和丰富度均显著高于原始土壤。微生物群落分析表明,酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)以及脱硫菌门(Desulfobacterota)是底泥微生物群落的优势门。基于共线网络分析发现,m(COD)/m(P)、m(N)/m(P)以及TP是影响底泥菌群结构的主要环境因素,其对Acidobacteria以及Desulfobacterota有显著影响。A three-stage surface flow constructed wetland was constructed to treat low concentration pig farm wastewater and its purification effect was evaluated.At the same time,high-throughput sequencing technology was used to char⁃acterize the changes of microbial community structure in the sediment before and after the wetland operation.The average influent mass concentrations of chemical oxygen demand(COD),total nitrogen(TN),ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)and total phosphorus(TP)were 87.7,32.3,29.5 and 3.3 mg/L respectively.After treatment by three-stage constructed wetland,the average effluent mass concentrations were 20.0,8.7,8.5 and 0.5 mg/L respectively.That meant the removal rates of the indexes reached 77%,73%,71%and 84%.The operation of surface flow constructed wetland affected the microbial community structure of the sediment.The diversity and richness of the bacterial community in the sediment of constructed wetlands at all levels were significantly higher than that of the original soil.The overview of microbial community showed that Acidobacteria,Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi and Desulfobacterota were the dominant phylum of the microbial community in the sediment.Based on the collinear network analysis,it was found that m(COD)/m(P),m(N)/m(P)and TP were the main environmental factors affecting the bacterial structure of the sediment,and had a significant impact on Acidobacteria and Desulfobacteria.

关 键 词：表面流人工湿地 猪场废水 微生物群落 网络分析 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]