基于有限元的纯电动货车车架结构优化设计  

Structural Optimization Design of the Electric Truck Frame Based on Finite Element Method

作　　者：张平 莫伟锴 ZHANG Ping;MO Wei-kai(School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering,Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510665)

机构地区：[1]广东技术师范大学汽车与交通工程学院,广东广州510665

出　　处：《广东技术师范大学学报》2023年第3期44-52,共9页Journal of Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University

基　　金：广东省本科高校实验教学示范中心——智能交通实验教学示范中心(粤教高函〔2021〕29号).

摘　　要：以某纯电动轻型货车为研究对象,使用SOLIDWORKS软件对车架进行三维建模及简化.通过ANSYS软件分析了车架四种典型满载工况下的应力和变形,对车架进行了自由模态分析,获得了车架的前六阶频率特性.模拟分析结果显示,车架的应力和变形符合强度要求,车架的前六阶频率避开了不同路况下的激振频率,不会发生共振现象.根据模拟分析结果,对车架进行了结构优化,使车架的重量减轻了10.43%,消除了纵梁处的应力集中现象,弯曲和扭转刚度有所提升.Based on a light electric truck,a three-dimensional model of the frame is built and simplified using SOLIDWORKS software.The stress and deformation of the frame under four typical full load conditions are analyzed by means of ANSYS software.Free modal analysis of the frame is carried out to obtain the first six order frequency characteristics of the frame.Simulation analysis results show that the stress and deformation of the frame meet the strength requirements.As the first six order frequencies avoid the excitation frequencies under different road conditions,resonance will not occur.According to the simulation analysis,the frame structure is optimized with its weight being reduced by 10.43%.The stress concentration at the longitudinal beam is eliminated,and the bending and torsional stiffness are improved.

关 键 词：车架 有限元分析 静力分析 模态分析 结构优化 

分 类 号：U463.32[机械工程—车辆工程]