兰州市不同功能区道路灰尘中PAHs的污染特征、来源和风险评价  

Pollution level,source and risk assessment of PAHs in road dustat different functional areas of Lanzhou City

作　　者：王瑛 王凯 何丽 于斌斌 张强 WANG Ying;WANG Kai;HE Li;YU Bin-bin;ZHANG Qiang(Gansu Province Environmental Monitoring Center,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省环境监测中心站,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《西北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第4期118-128,共11页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目(20JR5RA123)。

摘　　要：用气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定了兰州市5个功能区(工业区、交通区、居住区、城市公园、农田)道路灰尘中16种优控多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量,分析PAHs的组成特征、污染水平和来源,并对各采样点道路灰尘中PAHs的人群健康风险及生态风险进行评价.结果表明,兰州市各功能区道路灰尘中∑PAHs、∑7PAHs和∑comb PAHs含量排序均为工业区>交通区>居住区>农田>城市公园>背景点;兰州市道路灰尘中PAHs单体平均含量以5环的苯并(b)荧蒽最高,约2300μg·kg^(-1);兰州市道路灰尘中的PAHs污染主要来自煤和生物质燃烧,同时伴随石油燃烧;兰州市个别样点道路灰尘中PAHs对成人和儿童存在人群健康风险,皮肤接触是健康风险最主要的暴露途径,PAHs对儿童的威胁大于成人;无论基于一类用地Bap浓度筛选值(550μg·kg^(-1))还是二类用地Bap浓度筛选值(5500μg·kg^(-1)),均只有工业区部分样点道路灰尘中PAHs的Bap总毒性当量浓度超标,其余各功能区所有样点均未超标.The content of 16 priority PAHs in road dust of five functional areas(industrial areas,traffic areas,residential areas,urban parks and farmland)in Lanzhou City was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The composition characteristics,pollution levels and sources of PAHs were analyzed,and the population health risk and ecological risk of PAHs in road dust of each sampling point were assessed.The results showed that the content of∑PAHs,∑7PAHs and∑comb PAHs in the road dust of each functional area in Lanzhou City is in the order of industrial area>traffic area>residential area>farmland>urban park>background point.The average content of PAHs monomer in road dust of Lanzhou City is the highest in 5-ring Benzo(b)fluoranthene,about 2300μg·kg^(-1),PAHs pollution in road dust in Lanzhou City mainly comes from coal and biomass combustion,accompanied by oil combustion.PAHs in road dust at few sample sites have health risk to adults and children and pose a greater threat to children than adults,and skin contact is the main exposure way.PAHs in road dust at most sites have potential health risk to adults and children.Whether based on the Bap concentration screening value of ClassⅠland(550μg·kg^(-1))or ClassⅡland(5500μg·kg^(-1)),only the Bap total toxic equivalent concentration(C TTE)of PAHs in the road dust of some sample sites in industrial area exceeded the standard.

关 键 词：道路灰尘 多环芳烃 来源分析 风险评价 Bap浓度 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X513