跨活断层隧道组合支护结构断层错动响应模型试验研究  

Model test study on fault dislocation response of tunnel composite support structure across active faults

作　　者：丁祖德[1] 王顺国 陈誉升 任志华 刘正初[3] DING Zude;WANG Shunguo;CHEN Yusheng;REN Zhihua;LIU Zhengchu(School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Research Institute of Highway Science and Technology,Kunming 650051,China;Kunming Survey,Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,of China Railway Second Institute,Kunming 650200,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学建筑工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省公路科学技术研究院,云南昆明650051 [3]中铁二院昆明勘察设计研究院有限责任公司,云南昆明650200

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2023年第6期2173-2187,共15页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52168057)。

摘　　要：依托某穿越活断层隧道工程,研发1︰25比例尺多功能断层错动模拟试验装置,开展跨活断层隧道组合支护结构的逆断层错动响应模型试验,针对不同的断层错动位移,研究逆断层错动下隧道组合支护结构的力学响应和破坏特征。试验结果表明:逆断层错动下,隧道结构竖向位移沿纵向呈“S”形分布,结构竖向位移及收敛变形主要分布在断层破碎带及其临近区域,主要影响范围约3.1L(L为隧道衬砌节段长度,480 mm)。随着错动位移的增加,衬砌节段位移差以及竖向相对位移均呈非线性增大,错台现象更加明显。结构应变、结构与围岩的接触压力主要集中在断层破碎带区域,在错动面处发生突变,应变和接触应力峰值均与断层错动位移呈正相关。隧道拱顶纵向应变以外侧受拉、内侧受压为主,仰拱则以外侧受压、内侧受拉为主,且仰拱受断层错动的影响以及对断层错动位移的敏感性均高于拱顶。隧道环向应变沿隧道轴向的分布因结构部位不同而有所差异,整体表现为竖向的向内挤压变形和横向的被动向外变形。结构各区段的接触压力分布规律有所不同,在错动面及断层区域,衬砌与围岩之间存在明显挤压作用,而远离断层错动面的衬砌节段,衬砌与围岩之间存在相互脱离的趋势。隧道组合支护结构断错破坏具体表现为错台、开裂和局部剥落等特征,主要集中于错动面附近的破碎带及上盘区域,主要位于仰拱、墙脚以及边墙等部位。By relying on a tunnel project crossing an active fault,a multi-functional fault dislocation simulation test device of the 1:25 scale was developed to conduct a reverse fault dislocation response model test of the combined support structure of a tunnel across an active fault.Mechanical response and failure characteristics of tunnel composite support structures under fault dislocation were studied.The test results show that under the reverse fault dislocation,the vertical displacement of the tunnel structure is distributed in an“S”shape along the longitudinal direction,and the vertical displacement and convergence deformation of the structure are mainly distributed in the fault fracture zone and its adjacent areas.The main influence range is about 3.1L(L is the length of the tunnel lining segment,480 mm).With the increase of dislocation displacement,the displacement difference and vertical relative displacement of lining segments increase nonlinearly,and the dislocation phenomenon is more obvious.The structural strain and the contact pressure between the structure and the surrounding rock are mainly concentrated in the fault fracture zone,and abrupt change occurs at the dislocation surface.The peak values of strain and contact stress are positively correlated with the fault dislocation displacement.The longitudinal strain of the tunnel vault is dominated by external tension and internal compression,while the inverted arch is dominated by external compression and internal tension.The inverted arch is affected by fault dislocation and is highly sensitive to fault dislocation displacement on the vault.The distribution of the tunnel hoop strain along the tunnel axis varies with different structural parts,generally exhibiting vertical inward extrusion deformation and lateral passive outward deformation.The contact pressure distribution law of each section of the structure is different.In the dislocation plane and the fault area,there is obvious compression between the lining and the surrounding rock,while the linin

关 键 词：山岭隧道 组合支护结构 逆断层错动 模型试验 位移响应 破坏特征 

分 类 号：U451[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]