我国生物种业发展现状与问题  

Development and Issues of Biotech Seed Industry in China

作　　者：迟培娟[1] 谢华玲[1] 赵萍[1] 陈芳[1] 吴宁 田志喜[3] 杨维才[3] 杨艳萍[1,2] CHI Peijuan;XIE Hualing;ZHAO Ping;CHEN Fang;WU Ning;TIAN Zhixi;YANG Weicai;YANG Yanping(National Science Library,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Department of Information Resources Management,School of Economics and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院文献情报中心,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学经济与管理学院信息资源管理系,北京100190 [3]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2023年第6期845-852,共8页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：科学技术部科技创新战略研究专项(ZLY202206);中国科学院文献情报能力建设专项(E1290423);中国科学院重点部署项目(KJZD-SW-L09)。

摘　　要：生物种业是战略核心产业。当前,生物技术结合数字技术推动种业进入智能时代,育种范式从“试验选优”向“计算选优”转变。生物种业已经成为研发密集型产业,且市场高度集中,被大型跨国企业掌控。中美两国生物种业科技产出全球领先,发表论文数量和授权专利数量排名世界前两位。从核心竞争力来看,美国是全球的佼佼者,在原创性基础研究和核心技术方面具有绝对优势;近年来,中国在育种技术应用方面取得了长足发展,但在基础理论研究、核心技术开发及市场优势品种培育等方面仍有待突破。Biotech seed industry is a strategic core industry.Biotechnology combined with digital technology has promoted the seed industry into an intelligent era,and the breeding paradigm has changed from“experimental selection”to“computational selection”.Biotech seed industry has become a research and development intensive industry,and the market is highly concentrated,which is controlled by large multinational enterprises.The scientific and technological output of China and the United States is in the first echelon,and the number of papers and authorized patents ranks among the top two in the world.From the perspective of core competitiveness,the United States is a global leader with monopoly advantages in original basic research and key technology.China has made great progress in the application of breeding technology,but it still needs to breakthrough in basic theory research,key technology development,and high value seed product.

关 键 词：生物种业 育种技术 科技竞争力 产业竞争力 

分 类 号：F324.6[经济管理—产业经济]