中国金矿床成矿年代学研究进展  

Metallogenic Chronology of Gold Deposits in China

作　　者：秦燕[1] 王成辉[1] 王登红[1] 王岩[1] 黄凡[1] QIN Yan;WANG Cheng-hui;WANG Deng-hong;WANG Yan;HUANG Fan(MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,北京100037

出　　处：《地球学报》2023年第4期581-598,共18页Acta Geoscientica Sinica

基　　金：中国地质调查局“中国矿产地质志”项目(编号:DD20221695,DD20190379,DD20160346)资助

摘　　要：成矿年代研究对于金矿成矿规律总结和找矿勘查工作具有重要意义。本文系统整理了全国610个大、中、小型金矿的近4000个成岩、成矿年代学数据(数据来源为截至2021年12月公开发表的相关文献资料)。在此基础上,划分了我国金矿7个主要成矿期,即新太古代-古元古代成金期(五台期)、中元古代-新元古代成金期(晋宁-雪峰期)、早古生代成金期(加里东期)、晚古生代成金期(海西期)、早中生代成金期(印支期)、晚中生代成金期(燕山期)和新生代成金期(喜马拉雅期);文章探讨了我国不同地质时期金矿的分布特征、矿床类型和成矿环境。研究结果表明,中国金矿床在各个地质时期都有产出,最早的金矿形成于太古宙,燕山期是我国金矿成矿的高峰期(主要集中于105~145 Ma),其次为印支期。同时,近年来的同位素年代学资料表明,喜马拉雅期金矿不断被发现,也是我国金矿重要的成矿期之一。总结出中国不同时代金矿的特点为:成矿强度老弱新强、叠加成矿时间跨度大、新生代金矿资源潜力大。The timing of mineralization is crucial in understanding ore-forming processes and informing gold prospecting.This study presents nearly 4000 ore-forming data points from 610 gold deposits,collected from 1982 to 2021.Using these data,the seven main metallogenic epochs of gold deposits are summarized:Neoarchean–Paleoproterozoic(Wutai Period),Mesoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic(Jinning–Xuefeng Period),Early Paleozoic(Caledonian Period),Late Paleozoic(Hercynian Period),Early Mesozoic(Indosinian Period),Late Mesozoic(Yanshan Period),and Cenozoic(Himalayan Period).The distribution characteristics,deposit types,and metallogenic environments of gold deposits in different geological periods were discussed.The results showed that gold deposits in China formed across various geological periods.The earliest gold deposits formed during the Archean,and gold mineralization in China peaked during the Yanshan Period(Early Cretaceous,145–105 Ma).In recent years,isotopic chronology studies have shown that the Himalayan Period was also an important metallogenic period for Chinese gold deposits.The characteristics of gold deposits of different ages in China are summarized as follows:gold deposits hosted in Archean metamorphic rocks show weak mineralization,whereas there is a greater degree and longer period of mineralization in younger deposits.The youngest deposits from the Cenozoic have great potential for gold prospecting.

关 键 词：金矿床 成矿年龄 成矿期 中国 

分 类 号：P641.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P597.3[天文地球—地质学]