塔里木盆地塔中台地上奥陶统四分珊瑚及其古地理分布  

Tetradiidae corals and their global paleogeographic distribution from the Upper Ordovician of Tazhong Platform,Tarim Basin,Northwest China

作　　者：冯琦 刘傲然 姜红霞 吴亚生[3] Feng Qi;Liu Aoran;Jiang Hongxia;Wu Yasheng(Hebei Key Laboratory of Strategic Critical Mineral Resources,Institute of Paleontology,Hebei GEO University,Shijiazhuang 050031;Foshan Geological Bureau of Guangdong Province,Foshan,Guangdong 528000;Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029)

机构地区：[1]河北省战略性关键矿产资源重点实验室,河北地质大学古生物研究院,石家庄050031 [2]广东省佛山地质局,广东佛山528000 [3]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《地质科学》2023年第3期965-985,共21页Chinese Journal of Geology(Scientia Geologica Sinica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(编号:4190020681)资助。

摘　　要：本文系统描述了新疆塔里木盆地塔中台地上奥陶统床板珊瑚形珊瑚亚纲四分珊瑚目四分珊瑚科的化石,共4属3种和2个未定种,分别为:四分珊瑚属Tetradium小四分珊瑚(比较种)Tetradium cf. minus、纤状四分珊瑚(比较种)Tetradium cf. fibratum、杆四分珊瑚属Rhabdotetradium杆四分珊瑚(未定种)Rhabdotetradium sp.、似植珊瑚属Phytopsis细胞状似植珊瑚(比较种)Phytopsis cf. Cellulosum、古槽珊瑚属Palaeoalveolites古槽珊瑚(未定种)Palaeoalveolites sp.。其中,似植珊瑚属Phytopsis为在亚洲地区的首次发现和报道。本文选取塔中822、塔中82、塔中30、塔中23和塔中43井上奥陶统取心段研究四分珊瑚化石的分布特征,发现四分珊瑚化石集中出现在奥陶系上统桑比阶-凯迪阶良里塔格组良三段至良一段,在塔中台地边缘礁滩相和台地内部泻湖相内均有分布,是一类广适型的生物。其中,礁滩相内多为似植珊瑚属Phytopsis、四分珊瑚属Tetradium的块状复体碎块,泻湖相内多为个体形态较大的四分珊瑚属Tetradium,杆四分珊瑚属Rhabdotetradium,似植珊瑚属Phytopsis及古槽珊瑚属Palaeoalveolites的块状和丛状复体碎块。结合全球其他板块四分珊瑚的古地理分布规律,认为在奥陶纪生物大辐射背景下,四分珊瑚自中奥陶统出现后,在上奥陶统凯迪期发生大规模辐射。塔里木板块塔中台地奥陶系良里塔格组中的四分珊瑚即为上奥陶统凯迪期的辐射产物,其辐射规律与全球底栖造礁生物的辐射规律一致。Tetradiidae fossils from the Upper Ordovician of Tazhong Platform,Tarim Basin,are systematically described.They include 3 species and 2 indeterminate species belonging to 4 genera,Tetradium,Rhabdotetradium,Phytopsis,and Palaeoalveolites.Based on studies on the Upper Ordovician of 5 wells at the Tazhong Platform,TZ822,TZ82,TZ30,TZ23 and TZ43,we found that Tetradiidae fossils occurred mainly in the Liang‑3 to Liang‑1 member of the Lianglitage Formation of the Upper Ordovician Katian to Sandbian stage,and in the reef‑bank facies of platform margin,lagoonal facies of restricted platform,which indicates that Tetradiids are broad‑adapted organisms.In the reef‑bank facies,Tetradiidae fossils are complexes of Phytopsis and Tetradium.In the lagoon facies,Tetradiidae fossils are larger massive and cluster complexes of Tetradium,Rhabdotetradium,Phytopsis and Palaeoalveolites.Considering the paleogeographic distribution of Tetradiidae in other Ordovician tectonic plates,it is proposed that,under the background of the Ordovician great biological radiation event,Tetradiidae had experienced a large‑scale radiation in the Upper Ordovician Katian Stage since they appeared in the middle Ordovician.The Tetradiidae studied in this paper is a product of the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event(for short radiation)in the Upper Ordovician Katian Stage,and its radiation is consistent with the radiation of benthic reef‑building organisms.

关 键 词：塔里木盆地 塔中台地 上奥陶统 四分珊瑚 

分 类 号：P534.42[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] Q911.28[天文地球—地质学]