我国医疗损害司法鉴定标准重塑  

Reconstruction on Judicial Expert Testimony Standards of Medical Damage in China

作　　者：艾尔肯[1] Ai Erken

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学法学院,辽宁大连116081

出　　处：《湖湘法学评论》2023年第3期102-118,共17页HUXIANG LAW REVIEW

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目:中国医疗纠纷第三方调解立法研究(19FFXB062)。

摘　　要：医疗损害司法鉴定标准具有的技术性和复杂性,要求运用具体标准和抽象标准相结合的方式认定是否有医疗过失行为,同时需要考虑医疗的专门性、地域性、紧急性等因素。根据英美法“二分法”因果关系理论,从事实因果关系和法律因果关系两个方面判断医疗损害因果关系。根据医疗过失行为原因力规则认定因果关系损伤参与度及医方承担责任的比例。对于侵害患者知情同意权责任纠纷涉及的专业性问题,应当采取鉴定的方式作出判断。通过制定专门的行政法规合理设置医疗损害司法鉴定标准,确保鉴定人运用统一的鉴定规则作出能够反映真实情况的鉴定意见,为纠纷处理主体公正解决医疗损害案件提供证据,保护医患双方的权益,维护正常的医疗秩序,促进医患关系和谐发展。standards to determine whether the behavior of medical negligence exists.In the meantime,the factors as the specificity,locality and urgency of medical treatment should be considered.The causal relationship of medical damage is judged from two aspects of factual causal relationship and legal causal relationship in accordance with the“dichotomy”causality theory of Anglo-American law.The determination of the degree of participation in causal injury and the proportion of responsibility undertaken by medical side is conducted in line with the rules of causation of medical negligence.The method of identification should be adopted to make a judgment in terms of the professional issues involved in the liability dispute of infringement on the patient’s rights to informed consent.The special administrative regulations are formulated to reasonably set up the expert testimony standards of medical damage,guarantee the use of the unified testimony rules by appraisers to give the testimony opinions being able to reflect the real situation.The evidence should be provided for the dispute-handling subject to solve the cases of medical damage fairly.Only in this way can the rights and interests of both doctors and patients be protected,the normal medical order can be maintained,and the development of the harmonious doctor-patient relationship can be promoted.

关 键 词：医疗损害鉴定标准 “二分法”因果关系理论 因果关系损伤参与度 侵害患者知情同意权 专门行政法规 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]