毛竹扩张时地下鞭特征、林分结构及土壤性状变化  

Rhizome Characteristics,Stand Structure and Soil Properties under Phyllostachys edulis Expansion into Coniferous and Broadleaf Forest

作　　者：任树枭 王意锟[2] 金爱武[2] 朱强根[2] 季新良 马毅 方万力 Ren Shuxiao;Wang Yikun;Jin Aiwu;Zhu Qianggen;Ji Xinliang;Ma Yi;Fang Wanli(State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,P.R.China;Lishui College;Longquan Protection Center of Qianjiangyuan-Baishanzu National Park)

机构地区：[1]省部共建亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室(浙江农林大学),杭州311300 [2]丽水学院 [3]钱江源-百山祖国家公园龙泉保护中心

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第9期21-27,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：丽水市公益性技术应用研究项目(2022GYX19);中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目([2019]TS16)。

摘　　要：为探究毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)向针阔林扩张不同阶段时林分结构及毛竹地下鞭特征的差异,以浙江凤阳山地区毛竹向针阔林扩张过程中形成的3个不同阶段林地(A林地(竞争排斥阶段林地),B林地(优势维持阶段林地),C林地(长期处于优势维持阶段林地))为研究对象,通过冗余分析和热图(Heatmap)分析地下鞭特征与林分结构、土壤性状间的关系。结果表明:毛竹向针阔林扩张的不同阶段时,林分结构、地下鞭的生物量、年龄结构存在明显差异。与竞争阶段的林地相比,优势维持阶段的毛竹林分密度迅速提高并趋于稳定,但毛竹胸径有所降低。毛竹地下幼龄鞭在竞争阶段和优势维持阶段的分布较多,老龄鞭主要分布在长期优势维持阶段的林地,壮龄鞭在3种不同扩张阶段的林地内均有大量分布。地下鞭特征与林地土壤性状的关系密切,幼龄鞭、壮龄鞭的生物量与土壤有机碳、全氮、速效钾质量分数呈正相关,老龄鞭生物量、直径仅与土壤有效磷质量分数呈正相关。土壤中优势类群前气门亚目(Prostigmata)、中气门亚目(Mesostigmata)的分布密度与毛竹胸径呈显著正相关,与毛竹密度、老龄鞭生物量呈显著负相关。毛竹林长期处于优势维持阶段后,由于种群内对空间、资源的竞争,导致林分结构和地下鞭系统出现衰退,土壤有机碳、全氮质量分数等指标降低,土壤动物群落结构与分布也受到影响,需采用适当的人为干预措施,进行有效的生态修复来维持其生态功能。The differences of stand structure and rhizome characteristics in different stages of Phyllostachys edulis expansion into coniferous and broadleaf forest were explored. Forest land in competitive exclusion stage (A forest lands), dominant maintenance stage (B forest lands) and Long-term dominant maintenance stage (C forest lands)were targeted in Fengyang Mountain, Zhejiang Province. Redundancy analysis and Heatmapwas used to analysis the relationships among the rhizome characteristics of P. edulis , stand structure and soil properties. Compared with the forest land in the competitive exclusion stage, the density of P. edulis forest in the dominant maintenance stage increased, while the DBH of P. edulis decreased. The young rhizomes of P. edulis were more distributed in the competition exclusion stage and the dominant maintenance stage. The aging rhizomes of P. edulis are mainly distributed in the forest land of the long-term dominant maintenance stage, while the adult rhizomes of P. edulis were widely distributed in the forest lands of three different expansion stages. The characteristics of underground rhizomes were closely related to soil properties. The biomass of young rhizomes and adult rhizomes of P. edulis were positively correlated with the contents of soil organic C, total N and available K, while the biomass and diameter of aging rhizomes of P. edulis were positively correlated with the content of soil available phosphorus. The densities of Prostigmata, Onychiuridae and Mesostigmata had a significant positively correlation with the biomass of young rhizomes and the DBH of P. edulis , but negatively correlated with the biomass of aging rhizomes. The long-term expansion of P. edulis into coniferous and broadleaf forest will lead to the decline of the stand structure and rhizome of the P. edulis forest, the decrease of the mass fraction of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen, and human intervention can be appropriate to maintain the ecological function of the P. edulis forest.

关 键 词：毛竹扩张 林分结构 地下鞭 土壤理化性状 土壤动物 

分 类 号：S795.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]