不同类型沙障对菊芋生长影响的研究  

Contrastive study on growth of Helianthus tuberosus by different types sand-barriers

作　　者：郭彧 杨恒华 赵雪彬 羊秀本 赵孟良 范文秀 赵天悦 GUO Yu;YANG Henghua;ZHAO Xuebin;YANG Xiuben;ZHAO Mengiang;FAN Wenxiu;ZHAO Tianyue(Qinghai Desert Control Experiment Station,Qinghai Xining 810008;Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Qinghai Xining 810016)

机构地区：[1]青海省治沙试验站,青海西宁810008 [2]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2023年第10期81-86,共6页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：青海省2021年省级财政林业改革发展项目。

摘　　要：土地荒漠化严重制约着我国干旱、半干旱、亚湿润干旱区的生产发展,威胁地区生态环境发展,设置沙障是荒漠化防治过程中重要的工程措施之一。菊芋不仅可作为优良的饲料作物,也可作为荒漠化地区防风固沙的植物种。为探明高寒半干旱地区不同类型沙障对菊芋生长的影响,总结出适宜沙珠玉地区“沙障+菊芋种植”治理模式,本研究对沙珠玉地区5种不同类型沙障(柴草条带沙障、尼龙袋沙障、黏土沙障、燕麦沙障、小麦沙障,以裸沙地为对照)下菊芋的株高、基径、节间、叶片数、生物量等特性进行分析。结果表明,①菊芋的株高、基径、节间、叶片数、生物量在不同类型沙障中均表现出显著性差异;②菊芋的株高(64.40±5.69 cm)、基径(10.43±0.74 mm)、节间(5.60±0.32 mm)、叶片数(27.33±2.23个)、生物量(地上部分549.60±39.09 g;地下部分562.27±28.24 g)均以小麦沙障下的表现最佳;③通过主成分分析,得出“小麦沙障+菊芋”种植模式是更适宜沙珠玉地区“沙障+菊芋”的治理模式。Land desertification seriously restricts the development of social production in arid,semi-arid and dry sub-humid area of China,and threatens the good development of regional ecological environment.Sand barrier is one of the important engineering measures in the process of desertification control.Helianthus tuberosus can not only be used as an excellent forage crop,but also as a plant for wind-break and sand-fixation in desertification areas.In order to explore the effects of different types of sand barriers on the growth of Helianthus tuberosus in the cold and semi-arid region,the appropriate control mode of"sand barrier+Helianthus tuberosus planting"was concluded in Shazhuyu region.In this study,the plant height,basic diameter,internodes lengths,blades number and biomass of Helianthus tuberosus were analyzed under 5 different types of sand barriers in Shazhuyu region(firewood strip sand barrier,Nylon bag sand barrier,clay sand barrier,Avena sativa sand barrier and Triticum aestivum sand barrier,with bare sandy land as the control).The results showed that:①The plant height,basic diameter,internodes length,blades number and biomass of Helianthus tuberosus showed significant differences among different types of sand barriers.②The plant height(64.40±5.69 cm),basic diameter(10.43±0.74 mm),internodes length(5.60±0.32 mm),blades number(27.33±2.23)and biomass(aboveground part 549.60±39.09 g;underground part 562.27±28.24 g)were both of the best on Triticum aestivum sand barrier.③Through principal component analysis,it is concluded that"Triticum aestivum sand barrier+Helianthus tuberosus planting"mode is more suitable for"sand barrier+Helianthus tuberosus planting"control mode in Shazhuyu region.

关 键 词：沙珠玉 沙障 表型特征 生物量 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]