牛粪草炭蛭石混配基质对辣椒幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of cattle manure,grass,carbon vermiculite mixture on the growth of pepper seedlings

作　　者：杨爽 陆秀琴 刘伟 YANG Shuang;LU Xiuqin;LIU Wei(Yuqing County Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Yuqing Guizhou 564400)

机构地区：[1]余庆县农业农村局,贵州余庆564400

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2023年第10期91-95,139,共6页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：目的:探究腐熟牛粪制作辣椒育苗基质的可行性,为高效利用牛粪资源的和替代商品基质提供参考。方法:本试验设置6个处理,以商品基质为参照(CK),处理T1~T5腐熟牛粪(V)∶草炭(V)分别为0∶8,2∶6,4∶4,6∶2,8∶0,蛭石占基质总体积的20%不变,研究不同基质配比的理化性质及其对辣椒幼苗的影响。结果:随着牛粪占比的增加,各处理基质容重和电导率逐渐增大,pH值变小,总孔隙度、通气孔隙度、持水度均呈现下降趋势,全氮、全磷、全钾含量则反之;不同基质对辣椒出苗率的影响不大;与对照CK相比,T3植株长势最好,其株高、茎粗、根鲜重、根干重、全株鲜重、全株干重、叶面积分别提高了5.62%、11.96%、12.3%、16.12%、27.60%、24.13%、6.06%;根系活力提高了3.03%;叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量分别提高15.38%、12.0%、23.15%。结论:腐熟牛粪可用于制作辣椒育苗的专用基质,V(牛粪)∶V(草炭)∶V(蛭石)=4∶4∶2为最佳配比,可以替代商品基质肥。Objective:To explore the feasibility of making pepper seedling matrix from decomposed cow manure,and to provide reference for efficient utilization of cow manure resources and replacement of commercial matrix.Methods:In this experiment,6 treatments were set,using commercial matrix as reference(CK),T1-T5 decomposed cow manure(V)∶grass carbon(V)was 0∶8,2∶6,4∶4,6∶2,8∶0,respectively,vermiculite accounted for 20%of the total matrix volume remained unchanged,to study the physicochemical properties of different matrix ratios and their effects on pepper seedlings.Results:With the increase of the proportion of cow manure,the bulk density and conductivity of each treatment matrix increased gradually,while pH value decreased.The total porosity,ventilation porosity and water holding capacity all showed a downward trend,while the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium were on the contrary.Different substrates had little effect on the emergence rate of pepper.Compared with CK,T3 had the best plant growth,and its plant height,stem diameter,root fresh weight,root dry weight,whole plant fresh weight,whole plant dry weight and leaf area increased by 5.62%,11.96%,12.3%,16.12%,27.60%,24.13% and 6.06%,respectively.Root activity increased 3.03%;The total amount of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and chlorophyll were 15.38%,12.0%and 23.15%,respectively.Conclusion:Decomposed cow manure can be used to make special substrate for pepper seedling.V(cow manure)∶V(grass charcoal)∶V(vermiculite)=4∶4∶2 is the best ratio,which can replace commercial matrix fertilizer.

关 键 词：腐熟牛粪 复混基质 辣椒 育苗 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]