2022年国际矿业政策变化特点及发展趋势  

Characteristics and Development Trends of International Mining Policies in 2022

作　　者：黄霞 张福良[1] 于瑞 王靓靓[1] 赵东杰 张伟波[1] 于宏源[2] HUANG Xia;ZHANG Fuliang;YU Rui;WANG Jingjing;ZHAO Dongjie;ZHANG Weibo;YU Hongyuan(Development and Research Center of China Geological Survey;Shanghai Institute for International Studies)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局发展研究中心 [2]上海国际问题研究院

出　　处：《现代矿业》2023年第6期73-78,共6页Modern Mining

摘　　要：针对2022年国外矿业政策的变化,对40多个国家的矿业投资、矿业税收、矿业补贴、矿产管制、矿产储备、环境保护、矿业国际贸易与合作等方面的矿业政策进行梳理,总结了7个变化特点,探讨了本年度矿业政策调整的三大动因并研判了未来政策发展趋势,旨在为国家有关部门决策、服务企业风险控制以及助力矿业高质量走出去提供有效支撑。2022年全球40多个主要资源国调整矿业政策,在强调矿业绿色可持续发展的基础上,大多数国家采取措施刺激矿业投资,助力经济转型,但也有少数国家矿业政策不利于外国投资。这些政策变化主要表现为改革管理体制、实施激励政策、改革权益金制度、制定发展规划、推出国有化、加强环境管理、深化关键矿产战略7个方面。我国应牢牢抓住新一轮科技变革的机遇,创新矿产资源投资模式,提升产业链优势,扩大海外优质矿产资源权益,保障我国矿产资源供应安全。In view of the changes in foreign mining policies in 2022,the mining policies of more than 40 countries in mining investment,mining taxation,mining subsidies,mineral control,mineral reserves,environmental protection,mining international trade and cooperation are sorted out.The seven changing characteristics are summarized,the three major motivations for the adjustment of mining policy in this year are discussed,and the future policy development trend is judged,aiming to provide effective support for the decision-making of relevant national departments,the risk control of service enterprises and the high-quality going global of mining industry.In 2022,more than 40 major resource countries around the world will adjust their mining policies.On the basis of emphasizing the green and sustainable development of mining,most countries will take measures to stimulate mining investment and help economic transformation,but there are also a few countries whose mining policies are not conducive to foreign investment.These policy changes are mainly manifested in seven aspects:reforming the management system,implementing incentive policies,reforming the equity fund system,formulating development plans,introducing nationalization,strengthening environmental management,and deepening the key mineral strategy.China should firmly seize the opportunity of a new round of technological change,innovate the investment model of mineral resources,enhance the advantages of the industrial chain,expand the rights and interests of overseas high-quality mineral resources,and ensure the security of China's mineral resources supply.

关 键 词：矿业政策 可持续发展 全球治理 

分 类 号：F416.1[经济管理—产业经济]