微生物修复含能材料污染场地的研究进展  

Research Process of Microbial Remediation of Energetic Compound Contaminated Sites

作　　者：李鑫丰 袁畅 王晶禹 安崇伟 侯彬 李颖 刘鹏霄 卢静 王超[2] LI Xin-feng;YUAN Chang;WANG Jing-yu;AN Chong-wei;HOU Bin;LI Ying;LIU Peng-xiao;LU Jing;WANG Chao(School of Environment and Safety Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学环境与安全工程学院,山西太原030051 [2]中北大学材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《含能材料》2023年第7期714-728,共15页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(41977141);国家重点研发计划资助(2018YFC1801100);山西省研究生创新项目资助(2022Y653)。

摘　　要：微生物修复技术是通过高耐受且人工驯化微生物的代谢作用将污染场地中的有害污染物降解的修复技术。提高微生物降解效率、探究代谢途径与中间代谢产物是含能材料污染场地的微生物修复的关键,为此,研究简述了含能材料的污染现状,介绍了修复含能材料污染场地的常见方法,探讨了微生物修复含能材料污染场地的优势,总结了微生物修复含能材料污染场地的常见菌株、外部营养源和实际应用,同时梳理了各含能材料在微生物降解过程中产生的中间代谢产物,归纳了典型含能材料降解过程中的代谢途径,最后展望了微生物在修复含能材料污染场地的发展方向:研究具有优良生物刺激效果的生物制剂,分析降解含能材料微生物菌株的宏基因组学、宏转录组学、宏蛋白质组学和宏代谢组学,加强DNA、RNA、蛋白质和代谢物等方面的研究,通过转基因技术来提升微生物对含能材料的降解效果,以更好地激发微生物修复含能材料污染场地的潜力。Microbial remediation technology refers to the remediation technology that uses artificially domesticated microorgan-isms with specific functions to degrade harmful pollutants in the contaminated site into harmless substances through their own metabolism in the appropriate environment.In the process of microbial remediation of energetic compounds contaminated sites,improving microbial degradation efficiency and exploring metabolic pathways and intermediate metabolites are key issues.This paper briefly described the pollution status of energetic compounds,introduces common methods for remediation of energetic compounds contaminated sites.The advantages of microbial remediation of energetic compound contaminated sites were fo-cused on,and the common strains,external nutrition sources and practical applications of microbial remediation of energetic compound contaminated sites were summarized.Besides,the intermediate metabolites produced by various energetic com-pounds in the process of microbial degradation were sorted out,and the metabolic pathways in the degradation process of vari-ous energetic compounds were also summarized.The development trend of microorganism application in remediation of energet-ic compound contaminated sites was prospected.The prerequisite for improving the efficiency of existing microorganisms in de-grading energetic compounds is the research of microbial agents with better biological stimulation effect.The analysis of metage-nomics,macronenenebb transcriptome,macronenenebc proteomics and metabolomics of microbial strains that degrade energet-ic compounds should be emphasized as a way to strengthen the research on DNA,RNA,proteins and metabolites,and also to improve the degradation effect through transgene to better stimulate the potential of microbial remediation of energetic com-pound contaminated sites.

关 键 词：微生物修复 含能材料 污染场地 代谢途径 生物刺激 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] X93[环境科学与工程—安全科学]