规模化肉鸭养殖场不同季节鸭粪排泄量与特性分析  

Analysis on Seasonal Variation of Meat Duck Manure Excretion and Characteristics in Large-scale Farms

作　　者：王冲 汪阅 王洪磊 许毅 WANG Chong;WANG Yue;WANG Honglei;XU Yi(New Hope Liuhe Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao,Shandong 266000)

机构地区：[1]新希望六和股份有限公司,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《中国家禽》2023年第7期61-67,共7页China Poultry

基　　金：新希望集团“百名科技领军人才计划”项目(NHHT20182201)。

摘　　要：为探究规模化肉鸭养殖场不同季节鸭粪排泄量和排泄特性,试验选择山东省某立体网养鸭场于2019年3月至2020年2月分别统计四个季节各日龄鸭粪产量,于1~5周龄分别检测鸭粪p H、密度、含水率、有机质、粗脂肪、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、钾(K)和重金属含量,同时检测各季节饲料中重金属含量。结果显示:鸭粪pH变化范围为7.38~7.54,且无季节性差异;鸭粪年均密度为1.075 g/mL,春、夏季鸭粪密度显著低于秋、冬季(P<0.05);鸭粪含水率随日龄增大而升高,变化范围为82.43%~91.38%,夏季显著高于春季和冬季(P<0.05);鸭粪有机质含量范围为71.04%~94.92%,春、冬季极显著高于夏、秋季(P<0.01);粗脂肪含量范围为0.62%~0.74%;四季平均肉鸭日产粪量为241.26 cm^(3)/只(259.42 g/只),各季节鸭粪排泄量为夏季>春季/秋季>冬季,差异显著(P<0.05);鸭粪N/P范围为1.10~1.72,饲料和粪便中Cu和Zn含量最高,均表现为Zn>Cu>Cr>Pb>Cd>Hg。研究表明,季节对规模化立体网养鸭粪的密度、含水率、有机质含量、TN含量、TP含量、K含量、日产粪量和部分重金属含量有显著影响。To investigate the seasonal variation of meat duck manure excretion and characteristics in large-scale farms,a large-scale duck farm in Shandong province under stereo net-rearing system was selected and the manure was collected within the rearing period from March 2019 to February 2020.The pH,density,moisture content,organic matter,crude fat,total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),potassium(K)and heavy metals of duck manure were detected at 1 to 5 weeks of age.The results showed that pH of duck manure varied from 7.38 to 7.54,with no seasonal significant difference.The density of duck manure in spring and summer was significantly lower than that in autumn and winter(P<0.05),the annual average density was 1.075 g/mL.The moisture content increased with the age of ducks ranged with 82.43% to 91.38%,which was the highest in summer and significantly higher than that in spring and winter(P<0.05).The content of organic matter in duck manure ranged from 71.04% to 94.92%,and the content of organic matter in duck manure in spring and winter were significantly higher than that in summer and autumn(P<0.01).The variation range of crude fat conten in duck munure was 0.62% to 0.74%.The average daily manure excretion of meat duck was 241.26 cm^(3)(259.42 g)per duck,daily excretion amounted summer>spring/autumn>winter(P<0.05).N/P of duck manure was ranged from 1.10 to 1.72.The content of Cu and Zn were the highest detected heavy metals in duck manure,the contents of heavy metals were Zn>Cu>Cr>Pb>Cd>Hg for both duck manure and feed.The results showed that seasons had significant effects on density,moisture content,organic matter,TN,TP,K,daily manure discharge and some heavy metal contents in duck manure in large-scale of stereo net-rearing system.

关 键 词：规模化 肉鸭 季节 鸭粪 排泄量 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]