不同储存环境对鸡蛋暗斑产生及蛋品质的影响  

Effect of Different Storage Conditions on Production of Translucent Eggs and Egg Quality

作　　者：段国超 高绪莉 陶家树 杜元军 刘玮[2] 李大鹏 韩海霞[2] 雷秋霞[2] 周艳[2] 刘杰 王杰[2] 曹顶国[2] 李福伟[2] 陈甫[1] DUAN Guochao;GAO Xuli;TAO Jiashu;DU Yuanjun;LIU Wei;LI Dapeng;HAN Haixia;LEI Qiuxia;ZHOU Yan;LIU Jie;WANG Jie;CAO Dingguo;LI Fuwei;CHEN Fu(College of Veterinary Medicine,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,Shandong 266109;Poultry Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ji'nan,Shandong 250023;Shandong Animal Husbandry Station,Ji'nan,Shandong 250022)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学动物医学院,山东青岛266109 [2]山东省农业科学院家禽研究所,山东济南250023 [3]山东省畜牧总站,山东济南250022

出　　处：《中国家禽》2023年第7期68-72,共5页China Poultry

基　　金：山东省家禽产业技术体系(SDAIT-11-07);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-40);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2022D04)。

摘　　要：为研究不同储存环境对鸡蛋暗斑产生和蛋品质的影响以及珍珠棉储存鸡蛋效果,试验以日龄和饲养环境相同的莱芜黑鸡为研究对象,收集180个鸡蛋并分成6组,每组30个,其中四组分别在30℃+80%RH、30℃+30%RH、4℃+80%RH、4℃+30%RH环境下使用纸蛋托储存,另两组分别在纸蛋托和珍珠棉蛋托在25℃+55%RH环境下储存,检测鸡蛋储存3 h、24 h、48 h、72 h的暗斑率和储存72 h的蛋品质。结果显示:30℃+80%Rh组鸡蛋暗斑率最高,30℃+30%RH组暗斑率最低;低温组蛋白高度和哈氏单位显著高于高温组(P<0.05),并且30℃+80%RH组蛋白高度和哈氏单位显著高于30℃+30%RH组(P<0.05);在25℃+55%RH环境下,相比珍珠棉蛋托,纸蛋托储存的鸡蛋暗斑率较高,总暗斑率为43%,而珍珠棉蛋托中储存的鸡蛋总暗斑率为0,鸡蛋蛋重、蛋白高度和哈氏单位显著高于纸蛋托中储存的鸡蛋(P<0.05)。综上,在低温低湿环境或采用珍珠棉蛋托储存不仅能够使鸡蛋暗斑率下降同时也有利于蛋品质的保持。To study the effect of different storage condition on production of translucent eggs and the quality of eggs,as well as to verify the effect of pearl cotton tray for eggs storing,a total of 180 eggs were collected from Laiwu black chicken with the same age and feeding environment,which were divided into six groups with 30 eggs per group.The four groups were stored at 30℃+80%RH,30℃+30%RH,4℃+80%RH and 4℃+30%RH using paper egg trays,the other two groups were stored at 25℃+55%RH in paper egg trays and pearl cotton(EPE)egg trays,respectively,and the translucent ratio at storing for 3 h,24 h,48 h,72 h and egg quality toring for 72 h were detected.The results showed that the highest translucent egg ratio was found at 30℃+80%RH group and the lowest was at 30℃+30% group.Protein heights and Haugh unit were significantly higher in the low-temperature groups than in the high-temperature groups(P<0.05).As to 30℃+80%RH group,protein heights and Haugh unit were obviously higher than those in 30℃+30%RH group(P<0.05).The translucent egg ratio stored in paper egg trays was higher at 25℃+55%RH group compared to pearl cotton egg trays,with a total rate of 43%,while the eggs stored in the pearl cotton trays hardly ever became translucent eggs,with a total rate of 0.The weight,protein heights nd Haugh unit of eggs stored in pearl cotton egg tray were significantly higher than those stored in paper egg tray(P<0.05).In conclusion,low temperature and humidity or pearl cotton egg trays could reduce the translucent rate and maintain egg quality.

关 键 词：莱芜黑鸡 珍珠棉蛋托 暗斑蛋 蛋品质 温度 湿度 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]