均匀放矿过程中细粒冰碛物穿流机理试验研究  

Experimental study on the flow mechanism of fine-grained moraine in the process of uniform ore drawing

作　　者：牛向东[1,2] 侯克鹏 孙华芬[1,2] NIU Xiangdong;HOU Kepeng;SUN Huafen(Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sino-German Blue Mining and Utilization of Special Underground Space,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]云南省中-德蓝色矿山与特殊地下空间开发利用重点实验室,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《采矿与岩层控制工程学报》2023年第3期20-27,共8页Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering

基　　金：云南省人才培养基金资助项目(KKSY201521064)。

摘　　要：为探究均匀放矿过程中细粒冰碛物的穿流机理,以普朗铜矿地表细粒冰碛物为研究对象,利用室内三维物理模型试验方法,开展了细粒冰碛物覆盖层下的粗颗粒矿石均匀放矿试验研究。研究结果表明:均匀放矿过程中细粒冰碛物穿流机理主要受“孔隙填充机制”控制,其穿流程度取决于粗颗粒矿石放矿过程中随机产生的孔隙大小和数量;冰碛物颗粒粒径越小,其穿流速度越快,穿流效果越显著,穿流时间越短;根据试验过程中细粒冰碛物穿流规律,构建了细粒冰碛物穿流机理概化模型,结果显示细粒冰碛物和粗颗粒矿石相对运动是造成细粒冰碛物穿流的内在因素,细粒冰碛物和粗颗粒矿石相对运动越显著,细粒冰碛物穿流越明显。研究结果对揭示细颗粒穿流特性提供一定理论支撑,同时对细颗粒物质覆盖层下的崩落法矿山灾害防控及矿石贫化控制具有实际工程意义。This paper aims to investigate the mechanism of fine moraine flow during uniform ore drawing,focusing on the fine moraine particles present on the surface of Prang Copper Mine.An indoor three-dimensional physical model test method is employed to conduct uniform ore drawing tests with coarse ore covered by fine-grained moraine.The research findings demonstrate that the flow passage of fine-grained moraine particles during the uniform ore drawing process is primarily governed by the"pore filling mechanism"with the degree of flow passage depending on the size and number of randomly generated pores during coarse ore drawing.Smaller moraine particles exhibit faster flow velocities,more pronounced flow effects,and shorter flow times.Based on the observed behavior of fine-grained moraine particles during the experiment,a generalized model for their flow passage mechanism is established.This model reveals that the relative movement between fine-grained moraine and coarse ore is the internal factor driving the flow of fine-grained moraine.Additionally,the more pronounced the relative movement between fine-grained moraine and coarse ore,the more significant the penetration of fine-grained moraine particles.The study provides theoretical support for understanding the flow characteristics of fine particles and holds practical engineering significance for disaster prevention and control in caving mines and ore dilution control under the presence of fine particles.

关 键 词：均匀放矿 细粒冰碛物 穿流概化模型 孔隙填充机制 物理试验模型 

分 类 号：TD85[矿业工程—金属矿开采]