灾害短视频的拟像共同体传播:内聚焦叙事、价值转向与纪念仪式  

Inner Focus Narrative-Value Turning-Memorial Ritual:Disaster Mimetic Community Communication Based on Disaster Short Video

作　　者：黄勇军[1] 段梦寒 Huang Yongjun;Duan Menghan(School of Journalism and Media,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学新闻与传媒学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第3期77-87,共11页Journal of Chongqing Normal University(Edition of Social Sciences)

基　　金：2021年度重庆市教育科学“十四五”规划课题重点项目“乡村振兴背景下数字教育推动重庆城乡义务教育均衡发展路径研究”(2021-GX-112)。

摘　　要：为揭示灾害现场亲历者如何在媒介场域通过“影像文本”将“远处的灾难”的“感知物质空间”转化为大众切身体验的“共通意义空间”,探寻中介化过程中媒介叙事手法的基本机制及其价值转向,本文聚焦于重庆山火现场及土耳其地震亲历者发布的短视频在网络社交媒体“出圈”现象。灾害亲历者以第一人称视角拍摄的短视频通过内聚焦叙事与围观者跨越时空距离进行多维度的信息、情感、价值沟通,在中介化连接与扩散过程中增强“远处的灾难”的可感知度,并寻求社会性协助与支持,在媒介的纪念仪式中实现集体记忆认同的动态协商和反思性重构,由此有助于理解普罗大众“自传记忆”零碎的经验性文本自主传播进入社会公众视野,与专业媒体的职业创作共同构建“拟像共同体”的价值与意义。In order to reveal how the“perceptual material space”of the“distant disaster”is transformed into the“communal meaning space”of the public through“video texts”in the media field,and to explore the basic mechanism of narrative techniques and their value shift in the process of mediation.This article focuses on the phenomenon of short videos posted by people who have experienced two natural disasters,the Chongqing fires and the Turkey earthquake,which have become“pop-up”in online social media.The short videos of the disaster shot from the first-person perspective of those who experienced the mountain fires communicate with the onlookers across space and time with multi-dimensional information,emotions and values through internally focused narratives,enhancing the perceptibility of the“distant disaster”and seeking social assistance and support in the process of mediated connection and diffusion,and realizing the dynamic negotiation and reflective reconstruction of collective memory identity in the media ritual of commemoration.In this way,it helps to understand the value and significance of the“community of disaster mimesis”jointly constructed with the professional creation of professional media by the independent dissemination of the fragmented empirical texts of the general public’s“autobiographical memory”into the public view.The significance of the“community of disaster mimesis”is also understood.

关 键 词：拟像共同体 内聚焦叙事 传播价值 媒介仪式 集体记忆 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]