数字服务贸易壁垒的国际比较与决定因素研究  

International Comparison and Determinant

作　　者：盛煜辰 张润琪 沈瑶[1] SHENG Yu-chen;ZHANG Run-qi;SHEN Yao

机构地区：[1]上海大学经济学院,上海200444 [2]南开大学经济学院,天津300071

出　　处：《求是学刊》2023年第2期57-71,共15页Seeking Truth

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“产业动态发展视角下贸易政策与产业政策的协调机制与中国实践”(71573171);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“全球价值链、国际贸易政策体系‘双重构’的影响与应对研究”(22JZD041)。

摘　　要：随着数字技术的广泛应用,各国在推动服务贸易数字化发展的同时,也创造了数字服务贸易壁垒的新型式。论文利用2014—2021年间OECD发布的数字服务贸易限制指数(DSTRI),比较了全球主要经济体的限制程度水平及变化趋势,并基于贸易保护的政治经济学框架,对数字服务贸易壁垒的政治、经济、文化等决定因素进行了理论分析和实证检验。研究结果发现:近年来全球数字服务贸易壁垒在总体上有一定上涨趋势,限制措施主要集中在基础设施与连通领域;数字服务贸易竞争力更强、数字基础设施更完善、经济自由度水平更高和与其他国家文化差异更小的国家倾向于设置更低的数字服务贸易壁垒;分别对基础设施与连通、电子交易、支付系统、知识产权和其他壁垒五类限制措施进行回归,并按国家发展水平和数字经济发展水平分组检验发现,数字服务贸易限制措施的决定性因素在各子类中存在较显著的异质性。With the wide application of digital technology,countries have created new types of digital service trade barriers while promoting the digitalization of service trade.Using the Digital Services Trade Restriction Index(DSTRI)released by OECD during 2014-2021,this article compares the level of restriction and the trend of change in major global economies,and conducts theoretical analysis and empirical tests on the political,economic and cultural determinants of digital services trade barriers based on the political economy framework of trade protection.The results of the study find that global barriers to digital services trade have been on the rise in recent years in general,and the restrictions are mainly concentrated in the areas of infrastructure and connectivity.Moreover,it is also found that countries with stronger competitiveness in digital services trade,better digital infrastructure,higher levels of economic freedom and less cultural differences with other countries tend to set lower barriers to digital services trade.Finally,the five categories of restrictions,that are infrastructure and connectivity,electronic transactions,payment systems,intellectual property rights,and other barriers,are regressed separately,and grouped by country development level and digital economy development level.And it is found that there is more significant heterogeneity in the determinants of digital services trade restrictions across subcategories.

关 键 词：数字化发展 地方债务风险 财政透明度 金融分权 

分 类 号：F746.18[经济管理—国际贸易]