高水平女子撑竿跳高运动员核心技术与成绩协同特征研究  

Research on the Collaborative Characteristics of Core Techniques and Results of High level Women Pole Vaulters

作　　者：刘威 李玲 孙楚 谢慧松 LIU Wei;LI Ling;SUN Chu;XIE Hui-song(China Athletics College,Beijing Sport University,Beijing100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学中国田径运动学院,北京100084

出　　处：《广州体育学院学报》2023年第1期80-87,共8页Journal of Guangzhou Sport University

基　　金：2022年度国家体育总局科技创新项目(2022TJ005);北京体育大学2022年度拔尖创新科研项目(20221047)。

摘　　要：目的:根据高水平女子撑竿跳高运动员核心技术表现,分析不同等级运动员核心技术的差异,寻求核心技术与成绩之间的协同关系。方法:运用专家访谈法、德尔菲法确定撑竿跳高核心技术的构成,从定性角度分析核心技术与成绩之间的关系。按照比赛成绩将16位运动员分为国际健将级和健将级两组,运用三维影像拍摄法、灰色关联法等方法从定量角度分析不同等级运动员核心技术表现的差异性以及与成绩之间的协同特征。结果:(1)撑竿跳高核心技术由“高度性指标”“速度性指标”“准确性指标”“稳定性指标”4个维度及12项指标构成。(2)高水平女子撑竿跳高运动员比赛成绩与握竿高度、腾越高度、最高重心高度、倒一步速度、起跳离地水平速度、伸展最大速度、技术参数7项指标呈正相关关系,且国际健将级运动员的表现显著优于健将级;两组运动员摆体平均速度、摆体最大速度、起跳位置、空间位置、试跳成功率的差异不显著。(3)国际健将级运动员11项核心技术指标与成绩的关联度高于健将级;两组运动员与成绩关联度最高的5项指标相同,均为最高重心高度、倒一步速度、握竿高度、起跳离地水平速度和技术参数,但关联度排序不同。结论:女子撑竿跳高国际健将级运动员核心技术与成绩之间的协同性优于健将级;高度性指标和速度性指标是不同等级撑竿跳高运动员成绩存在差异的关键。Objective:To analyze the differences of core techniques among athletes of different levels based on the core technique performance of high-level female pole vaulters,and to seek the synergistic relationship between core techniques and performance.Methods:Expert interviews and Delphi method were used to determine the composition of pole vault core techniques and analyze the relationship between core techniques and performance from a qualitative perspective.The 16 athletes were divided into two groups according to the competition results,namely,international master level and master level,and the differences in the performance of core techniques of athletes of different levels and the synergistic characteristics between them and their performance were analyzed from a quantitative perspective by using the methods of three-dimensional image taking and gray correlation method.Results:(1)The core technology of pole vault is composed of 4 dimensions and 12 indexes:"height index","speed index","accuracy index"and"stability index".(2)The performance of high level female pole vaulters is positively correlated with seven indexes:pole height,soaring height,maximum center of gravity height,backward step speed,horizontal speed of jumping off the ground,maximum speed of extension and technical parameters.The average speed of swing,maximum speed of swing,take-off position,space position and success rate of test jump were not significantly different between the two groups.(3)The correlation between the 11 core technical indexes and the performance of international master level athletes is higher than that of master level athletes;the five indexes with the highest correlation with the performance of both groups are the same,which are the highest center of gravity height,backward step speed,grip height,jumping off the ground horizontal speed and technical parameters,but the correlation ranking is different.Conclusion:The synergy between the core skills and performance of female pole vault international master level athletes is bette

关 键 词：撑竿跳高 核心技术 协同特征 

分 类 号：C823.2[社会学—统计学]