锌电解液中铅的去除研究现状  

Research status of removal of lead in zinc electrolyte

作　　者：侯柏秋 俞小花[1] 沈庆峰[1] 杨大锦 张候文 赵群 谢刚[1] HOU Baiqiu;YU Xiaohua;SHEN Qingfeng;YANG Dajin;ZHANG Houwen;ZHAO Qun;XIE Gang(Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Chihong Zn&Ge Co.,Ltd.,Qujing 655011,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Copper Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650101,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司,云南曲靖655011 [3]云南铜业股份有限公司,云南昆明650101

出　　处：《化学研究》2023年第4期366-376,共11页Chemical Research

基　　金：云南省人才计划(YNWR-QNBJ-2018-327);国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1907901)。

摘　　要：湿法炼锌是现代炼锌的主要方法。其工艺流程包括:焙烧—浸出—净化—电解—熔铸。在硫酸锌溶液电解体系中采用Pb-Ag合金做阳极板,电解过程中阳极中的Pb会部分溶解在电解液中。而溶解在电解液中的铅离子不断累积,不仅对生产工艺带来了巨大的影响,还会大大降低阴极金属锌的品质。对湿法炼锌阴极锌产品中铅的来源、含铅高的原因以及锌电解液铅去除的技术方法进行了综述,对比了各个方法的优缺点,同时针对各种除铅方法所用的试剂从经济性、环保性、效率性、操作复杂性等方面进行了进一步的比较,提出了用絮凝剂及复合添加剂等替代磷酸盐、碳酸盐除铅的想法,并对未来除铅添加剂发展趋势进行了展望。Hydrometallurgy of zinc is the main method of modern zinc metallurgy.The technological process includes:roasting-leaching-purification-electrolysis-casting.Pb-Ag alloy is used as the anode plate in the electrolytic system of zinc sulfate solution,and the Pb in the anode will be partially dissolved in the electrolyte during the electrolysis process.The accumulation of lead ions dissolved in the electrolyte not only has a huge impact on the production process,but also greatly reduces the quality of the cathode metal zinc.This paper reviews the sources of lead in cathode zinc products,the reasons of high lead content and the technical methods of lead removal from zinc electrolyte,compares the advantages and disadvantages of each method,and further compares the reagents used in various lead removal methods in terms of economy,environmental protection,efficiency and operational complexity,puts forward the idea of replacing phosphate and carbonate for lead removal with flocculants and compound additives,etc.,and gives an outlook on the future development trend of lead removal additives.

关 键 词：湿法炼锌 电解锌 杂质含量 铅 

分 类 号：TF813[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]