议题外溢与形式转换:理解欧洲一体化的动态视角  

Issue Spillover and Form Transformation:Understanding European Integration fromthe Dynamic Perspective

作　　者：杨娜[1] 程弘毅 YANG Na;CHENG Hongyi

机构地区：[1]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院

出　　处：《欧洲研究》2023年第2期1-26,I0002,共27页Chinese Journal of European Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“新形势下中国和欧盟在非洲的竞争与合作关系研究”(项目批准号:20BGJ075)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：近年来,随着欧债危机、难民危机、英国脱欧等一系列新问题的出现,欧洲一体化进程面临着前所未有的挑战。该进程中的新现象表现为高低政治的“议题外溢”和超国家—政府间主义的“形式转换”,本文尝试将其置于一个动态的分析框架中进行讨论。欧盟的难民危机治理体现出高级政治领域从政府间形式向超国家形式的转变;新冠疫苗采购则是低级政治领域从超国家形式向政府间形式的转换;欧盟数字治理领域表现为超国家形式的治理从低级政治议题向高级政治议题的扩散;欧洲太空政策则可视为政府间治理形式从高级政治议题向低级政治议题的拓展。而商业利益、规范认同、制度依赖等因素的综合影响,可以对当前出现的一体化新现象进行解释。In recent years,with the emergence of a series of problems,such as the debt crisis,refugee crisis and Brexit,the European integration process is faced with unprecedented challenges.These emerging phenomena in the process of integration are manifesting themselves as the"issue spillover"in the fields of high and low politics and the"form transformation"between supra-nationalism and intergovernmentalism.This article intends to discuss these new phenomena within a dynamic analytical framework.The EU refugee crisis governance reflects the transformation from an intergovernmental to a supranational form in high politics.COVID-19 vaccine procurement embodies the transformation from a supranational to an intergovernmental form in low politics.The EU digital governance is manifested itself in the spillover of supranational governance from low to high political issues.And the European space policy can be seen as an extension of intergovernmental governance from high to low politics.The emerging phenomena in the process of European integration could be explained by the combined influences of factors such as business interests,norm identification and institutional dependence。

关 键 词：欧洲一体化 政府间主义 超国家主义 高低级政治 差异性一体化 

分 类 号：D814.1[政治法律—国际关系]