项目控制权分配与农村公共品供给的实践差异——基于中西部四村庄项目进村的比较研究  

The Practical Difference between The Distribution Of Project Control Rights and The Supply Of Rural Public Goods——Based on A Comparative Study Of Four Village Projects In Central and Western China

作　　者：杨丽新 Yang Lixin(School of Sociology of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学社会学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《中国行政管理》2023年第4期46-53,共8页Chinese Public Administration

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“乡村振兴战略实施中农村社会治理共同体的实现机制研究”(编号:21ASH010)。

摘　　要：本文深入到政府与村庄之间的项目运作过程,从控制权的视角构建公共品供给的不同模式,并通过运作逻辑差异性理解项目制下村庄公共品供给的不同实践形态。研究发现,基于目标设定权、检查验收权以及组织实施权在政府与村庄之间的不同配置组合,公共品供给模式呈现出直控式、发包式、自治式以及奖补式的不同形态。研究表明,直控式和奖补式的供给模式中,政府或者村庄独占控制权,公共品供给遵循行政主导和民主协商下单向度供给的运作逻辑,供给效能较低;发包式的供给模式中,政府将控制权中的组织实施权让渡给村庄,公共品供给遵循行政动员下的社会性动员的运作逻辑,供给效能不稳定;自治式的供给模式中,政府与村庄共享目标设定权,同时将组织实施权与检查验收权赋予村庄,公共品供给遵循村社自主供给的运作逻辑,公共品的供给稳定有效。项目下乡过程中,村社自主性的释放对于促进公共品从国家供给到集体供给的属性再生产、激活基层的民主治理与自我治理具有重要的理论价值与实践效能。This paper delves into the project operation process between the government and the village,constructs different modes of public goods supply from the perspective of control right,and understands different practice forms of village public goods supply under the project system through the difference in operational logic.The study finds that based on the different allocation combinations of target-setting power,inspection and acceptance power and organization and implementation power between the government and villages,the supply modes of public goods showed different forms of direct control,contracting,autonomy and award and subsidy.The research shows that the government or the village monopolizes the control in the supply mode of direct control and award and subsidy,and the supply of public goods follows the operation logic of administrative dominance and democratic consultation,and the supply efficiency is low.In the contract-type supply mode,the government transfers the right of organization and implementation into the control to the village.The supply of public goods follows the operation logic of social mobilization under the administrative mobilization,and the supply efficiency is unstable.In the autonomous supply model,the government and villages share the power of setting goals,and at the same time,the right of organization,implementation and inspection and acceptance are vested in villages,so that the supply of public goods follows the logic of autonomous supply by villages and communities.The release of the village community autonomy in the process of project delivery to the countryside has important theoretical value and practical effectiveness in promoting the reproduction of public goods from state supply to collective supply and activating democratic and self-governance at the grassroots level.

关 键 词：项目下乡 行政动员 控制权分配 公共品供给 村社自主性 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]