行政调度:督察驱动执行的行政机制  

Bureaucratic Scheduling:The Administrative Mechanism for Inspection-Driven Implementation

作　　者：夏瑛[1] 陈彦全 Xia Ying;Chen Yanquan(School of Government,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275)

机构地区：[1]中山大学政治与公共事务管理学院,广州510275

出　　处：《中国行政管理》2023年第4期106-113,共8页Chinese Public Administration

摘　　要：本文以中央环保督察与地方整改行为为例,探讨中国科层治理过程中政治与行政这两种治理机制之间的关系。文章将中央环保督察视为中央推动地方环境治理的政治机制。通过对个案的分析,文章发现尽管第一轮中央环保督察和“回头看”督察都使用了政治机制来影响地方执行,地方政府对两次督察的整改情况却存在“不落实”与“全落实”的差别。文章认为,“回头看”督察后中央政府对行政调度这一常规科层治理手段的非常规运用直接推动了地方执行力的提升。当中央对地方的行政调度从常规转为动态时,行政调度便发挥了传导压力以及引导推动地方执行的功能。文章进一步认为,政治与行政这两种治理机制之间存在着互相促进的潜力,而上级政府尤其是中央政府的主动性对高效衔接两种机制并提升整个科层体系的组织效能发挥着至关重要的作用。Based on an empirical case of central environmental inspection and local rectification behavior,this study examines the relationship between political and administrative mechanisms within China's bureaucratic governance.We consider the central environmental inspection as a political mechanism for the central government to enhance local environmental governance.We find from the case study that although both the first round of central environmental inspection and the"Look-Back"inspection used political mechanisms to influence local implementation,there was a sharp difference between"no-implementation"and"fullimplementation"of the local government's rectification after the two inspections.The article argues that the central government's unconventional use of administrative scheduling,a conventional tool of bureaucratic governance,after the"Look-Back"inspection has directly contributed to the improvement of local implementation.When the central government's administrative scheduling to localities shifts from regular to dynamic,the administrative scheduling plays the function of transmitting pressure and guiding,and eventually improving local implementation.The article further argues that the two governance mechanisms,political and administrative,have the potential to reinforce each other,and that the initiative of higher levels of government,especially the central government,plays a crucial role in efficiently bridging the two mechanisms and improving the organizational efficiency of the entire bureaucratic system.

关 键 词：环保督察 行政调度 常规调度 动态调度 行政机制 政治机制 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]