安徽省2017-2021年农村地区儿童蛲虫感染状况分析  

Surveillance on pinworm infection among rural children in Anhui Province from 2017 to 2021

作　　者：金伟[1] 刘道华[2] 李启扬[2] 汪敏 朱磊[4] 郭见多[5] 汪奇志[2] 呼明闯[6] 操治国[6] JIN Wei;LIU Daohua;LI Qiyang;WANG Min;ZHU Lei;GUO Jianduo;WANG Qizhi;HU Mingchuang;CAO Zhiguo(Department of Scientific Research Management and Education Training,Anhui Provincial Institute of Schistosomiasis,Hefei(230601),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所科研管理与教育培训科,合肥230601 [2]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所寄生虫病预防控制科 [3]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所寄生虫病媒介生物控制室 [4]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所行政管理科 [5]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所中心实验室 [6]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第6期854-858,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2022e07020003);安徽省创新创业领军人才特殊支持计划(2021-27)。

摘　　要：目的 了解安徽省农村地区3~9岁儿童蛲虫感染现状,为制定蛲虫病防控策略提供科学依据。方法 按照《全国肝吸虫病和土源性线虫病监测方案(试行)》要求,2017-2021年,在安徽省每年选取不低于10%的县(市、区)作为流动监测点。各监测点按地理方位划分为东、西、南、北、中5个片区,每片区抽取1个乡(镇、街道)的1个行政村开展监测。对各监测点中3~9岁儿童采用改良加藤厚涂片法和透明胶带肛拭法进行蛲虫感染检测,采用χ2检验对儿童感染率等指标进行比较。结果 2017-2021年,安徽省儿童蛲虫5年平均感染率为1.34%(128/9 557),历年感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);改良加藤厚涂片法和透明胶带肛拭法的检出率分别为0.28%和1.23%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=72.97,P<0.01)。不同地区中阜阳市农村地区5年平均感染率最高,为4.27%;各市5年平均感染率与当地常住人口数存在正相关(r=0.54,P<0.05)。男、女童的5年平均感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);农村地区3~9岁儿童的5年平均感染率分别为0.62%,1.10%,1.44%,1.57%,0.94%,2.09%和1.57%,且有随年龄增长而升高的趋势(χ^(2)=14.41,χ^(2)_(趋势)=6.70,P值均<0.05);散居儿童和集体生活儿童的平均感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 安徽省农村地区2017-2021年儿童蛲虫感染率变化不大,总体保持在较低水平。应继续加强健康教育和监测工作。Objective To understand the status of pinworm infection in rural children aged 3-9 years in Anhui Province,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control strategy of pinworm disease.Methods According to the National Surveillance Program of Liver Fluke Disease and Soil Transmitted Nematodiasis(Trial),no less than 10%counties(cities and districts)in Anhui Province were selected as mobile surveillance sites every year.Each surveillance site was divided into 5 areas on the basis of geographical location(east,west,south,north and middle),from each of the areas,one administrative village was selected from one township(town,community)for conducting surveillance.Children at age 3-9 years from each site were examined for pinworm infection with the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method and the adhesive cellophane tape perianal swab method.Chi-square test was used to compare the infection rate.Results From 2017 to 2021,the 5-year average infection rate of pinworm in rural Anhui was 1.34%(128/9557),and there was no significant difference in the infection rate over the years(P>0.05).The detection rates of the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method and the adhesive cellophane tape perianal swab method were 0.28%and 1.23%,respectively,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=72.97,P<0.01).In different regions,the 5-year average infection rate of Fuyang City was the highest(4.27%),and the rate of each city was positively correlated with the number of local resident population(r=0.54,P<0.05).There was no significant sex difference in the 5-year average infection rates(P>0.05).The 5-year average infection rate of children aged 3 to 9 years in rural areas were 0.62%,1.10%,1.44%,1.57%,0.94%,2.09%and 1.57%,respectively,showed an increasing trend with the increase of age(χ^(2)=14.41,χtrend2=6.70,P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the average infection rate between scattered children and collectively living children(P>0.05).Conclusion From 2017 to 2021,the infection rate of pinworm among children

关 键 词：蛲虫病 感染 哨点监测 儿童 农村人口 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R725.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R179