矿山人工植被—土壤恢复效果评价研究  

Evaluation of artificial vegetation-soil restoration effect of mine

作　　者：刘永兵 郭威[2] 宿俊杰 王敬 王立威 LIU Yongbing;GUO Wei;SU Junjie;WANG Jing;WANG Liwei(Land Consolidation Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100035,China;National Research Center for Geoanalysis,Beijing 100037,China;School of Water Resources&Environment,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部国土整治中心,北京100035 [2]国家地质实验测试中心,北京100037 [3]中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院,北京100083

出　　处：《测绘科学》2023年第5期213-219,246,共8页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1805001)。

摘　　要：针对矿山人工植被—土壤恢复效果评价指标不统一、评价参照系及评价方法尚未建立等问题,该文采取文献综述、典型案例验证等方法,提出采用待评价对象与评价参照系对应的评价指标进行无量纲化分析的评价思路,明确了近自然植被群落评价参照系构建原则、筛选过程及特征指标提取方法,构建了矿山人工植被—土壤恢复效果评价技术流程、评价指标体系及单要素评价方法,开展了典型矿山坡面恢复植被生态监测评价验证。该评价参照系的应用充分融合了区域生态条件对植被恢复效果的影响,评价指标具有较好的普适性,评价方法易操作,评价结果能客观反映不同演替阶段植被—土壤的恢复实际情况及与最优状况的距离,可避免常规评价标准的缺失性,典型案例验证了该评价技术体系应用的可行性。The evaluation index of mine artificial vegetation-soil restoration effect is unified and its evaluation reference system and evaluation method.Aiming at such problems,this paper uses some research methods,such as literature review and typical case verification,and proposes the idea of dimensionless analysis on the corresponding indicators based on the object to be evaluated and its reference system.Furthermore,the construction principle,selection process and extraction method of characteristic index of close-to-natural vegetation communities reference system are clarified.The evaluation technology process of mine artificial vegetation-soil restoration effect,the evaluation index system and single-element evaluation method are proposed.The ecological monitoring and evaluation verification of vegetation restoration on typical mine slopes are carried out.The application of the evaluation reference system fully integrates the influence of regional ecological conditions on vegetation restoration effect.With the high universality of the evaluation indicators and the operability of the evaluation method,its evaluation results can reflect objectively the difference between the real situation and the optimal condition in different stages of vegetation-soil restoration,which can avoid the lack of evaluation criteria.The typical case study verifies the application feasibility of this evaluation technology system.

关 键 词：参照系 人工植被 恢复效果 覆盖度 生物多样性 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]