鲿科鱼类DNA条形码鉴定及系统进化研究  

DNA Barcode for Species Identification and Phylogenetic Relationship of Bagridae Fish

作　　者：刘红艳[1,2] 熊飞[1,2] 翟东东 王莹 夏明 陈元元[1,2] LIU Hongyan;XIONG Fei;ZHAI Dongdong;WANG Ying;XIA Ming;CHEN Yuanyuan(Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin,School of Life Sciences,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学生命科学学院,湖北省汉江流域特色生物资源保护开发与利用工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430056 [2]江汉大学,持久性有毒污染物环境与健康危害湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430056

出　　处：《水产科学》2023年第4期575-584,共10页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0900903);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51779105,51979123);湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(T2020034)。

摘　　要：鲿科鱼类是一类高度多样化的类群,一些具有高度相似特征的物种难以通过形态进行识别,系统分类关系混乱,因此,选择一种更为有效、便捷的鱼类鉴定和分类方法十分必要。对5属36种共214条鲿科鱼类线粒体COⅠ基因序列进行分析,结果表明:36种鲿科鱼类的种内和种间平均遗传距离分别为0.016和0.158,种间平均遗传距离是种内平均遗传距离的9.875倍;大多数鲿科鱼类的种内遗传距离小于种间遗传距离,在种内、种间重叠较少,能形成的一定的DNA条形码间隙。ABGD结果将36个物种定义为25个运算分类单元,运算分类单元的划分与距离法结果大体一致,种间遗传距离较小的物种被划分为同一个运算分类单元,种内遗传距离较大的物种分化为多个运算分类单元。聚类树结果显示:黄颡鱼属、拟鲿属和■属的鱼类聚成一大支;鳠属和半鲿属中各有1个物种聚类到对方的分支中,这两属之间存在不完全的谱系分选。在本研究中,DNA条形码在大部分鲿科鱼类中能进行有效的鉴定,但对一些近缘种,条形码鉴定存在局限性,同时,COⅠ条形码也阐明了鲿科鱼类的系统进化关系,可为鲿科物种的系统分类提供科学依据。The family Bagridae is a diverse fish group,some species with highly similar traits are difficult to be identified and the phylogenetic relationship are ambiguity.Therefore,an accurate and convenient method for identifying and classifying is important and necessary.Herein,we provided a molecular method based on mitochondrial cytochrome c subunitⅠ(COⅠ)for the identification and analysis of phylogenetic relationship of Bagridae fish.Two hundred and fourteen mitochondrial COⅠgene sequences belonging to thirty-six species of five genera were studied.The average genetic distances of intraspecific and interspecific species were 0.016 and 0.158,respectively.The average interspecific genetic distance was 9.875 times of the average intraspecific genetic distance.It existed barcode gaps between interspecific distance and intraspecific distance.ABGD analysis showed that 36 species were divided into 25 operational taxonomic units(OTU),The sorting of OTU were roughly consistent with the genetic distance method.The interspecific genetic distance of several species forming one OTU were small,and the intraspecific genetic distance of one species separating into several OTUs were large.The members of Pelteobagrus,Pseudobagrus and Leiocassis mixed together and clustered into one large branch.There was one species each clustering into opposite genus in the genus of Mystus and Hemibagrus,which indicated that it existed incomplete lineage sorting in the two genera.The results indicated that most of Bagridae species could be identified by DNA barcode,but there were limitations in barcode identification of some closely related species.In addition,DNA barcoding had clarified the evolutionary relationships and would provide a scientific reference for phylogenetic classification of Bagridae fish.

关 键 词：鲿科鱼类 COⅠ基因 DNA条形码 物种鉴定 

分 类 号：Q75[生物学—分子生物学]