酸碱胁迫对鳜存活率、组织结构及解毒酶活性的影响  

Effects of Acid-Base Stress on Survival Rate,Histopathology and Detoxification-Related Enzyme Activities of Mandarin Fish Siniperca chuatsi

作　　者：张成硕 赵岩 王艳玲 曾萌冬 赵金良[1,2] ZHANG Chengshuo;ZHAO Yan;WANG Yanling;ZENG Mengdong;ZHAO Jinliang(Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心,上海201306

出　　处：《水产科学》2023年第4期640-647,共8页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD0900400);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-46)。

摘　　要：为探究酸碱胁迫对鳜存活率、组织结构及解毒酶活性的影响,将鳜的大规格幼鱼[(30.2±5.1)g]和小规格幼鱼[(5.3±0.7)g]放入不同酸碱梯度组(pH 4.0、5.5、7.0、8.5、10.0)中,进行72 h急性胁迫试验,比较其存活率,并以大规格幼鱼为试验材料,探究酸碱胁迫后鳜鳃、肝脏组织结构及解毒相关酶(细胞色素P450酶、黄素单加氧酶、尿苷二磷酸葡醛酸转移酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶)活性的变化。试验结果显示,(30.2±5.1)g幼鱼在各试验组中可存活72 h,(5.3±0.7)g幼鱼在pH 4.0、10.0组中全部死亡,平均存活时间分别为(53.60±4.65)min和(49.30±5.34)min。72 h后,除pH 7.0组鳜鳃和肝脏组织形态正常外,其余试验组均表现出不同程度的异常:pH 4.0组中,鳜鳃毛细血管破裂、血细胞堆积;pH 5.5、8.5组中,鳜肝脏细胞肿大;pH 10.0组中,鳜鳃上皮细胞脱落、细胞质空泡化等现象较为明显。pH 7.0组鳜鳃和肝脏组织中解毒酶的活性无显著变化(P>0.05)。其他试验组鳜细胞色素P450酶、黄素单加氧酶活性随胁迫时间先升后降,72 h后与pH 7.0组和初始水平接近;谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性随胁迫时间逐渐升高,72 h后显著高于pH 7.0组和初始水平(P<0.05);尿苷二磷酸葡醛酸转移酶活性较其他酶较早达到高峰而后下降。综上,pH 4.0、10.0组(5.3±0.7)g鳜幼鱼全部死亡,酸碱胁迫会对鳜鳃和肝脏产生损害,细胞色素P450酶、黄素单加氧酶、尿苷二磷酸葡醛酸转移酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶在参与鳜酸碱适应过程中的作用机制存在时效方面的差异。To investigate the effects of acid-base stress on survival rate,histopathology and detoxification related enzyme(cytochrome P450,flavin-containing monooxygenase,UDP-glucuronosyltransferase,glutathione S-transferase)activities,mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi\were subjected to a 72 h static acute exposure in different pH groups(pH 4.0,5.5,7.0,8.5,10.0).The results showed that large size fish survived for 72 h in each experimental group.All small size fish died at pH 4.0 and 10.0,and the average survival time was(53.60±4.65)min and(49.30±5.34)min,respectively.After 72 h,except that the morphology of gill and liver tissue in pH 7.0 group was normal,the other experimental groups showed several abnormalities.In the pH 4.0 group,gill capillaries were broken and blood cells accumulated.In the pH 5.5 and pH 8.5 groups,hepatocytes were swollen.In the pH 10.0 group,gill epithelial cells fell off and cytoplasmic vacuolation was more obvious.The activities of cytochrome P450 and flavin-containing monooxygenase increased first and then decreased with the stress time in gill and liver tissue.The activity of glutathione S-transferase was significantly increased and higher than that in the pH 7.0 group after 72 h(P<0.05).The activity of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase was lower than that in the pH 7.0 group after 72 h in gill.Taken together,these results suggest that pH 4.0 and pH 10.0 are extremely toxic to mandarin fish fry,acid-base stress cause damage to mandarin fish,cytochrome P450,flavin-containing monooxygenase,UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and glutathione S-transferase participate in the detoxification process of mandarin fish upon acid-base stress,and work differently in time and efficiency.

关 键 词：鳜 酸碱胁迫 组织结构 解毒酶活性 

分 类 号：S965.199[农业科学—水产养殖]