基于分区优化的无人机全自动机场选址研究  

Automatic Vertiport Location of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Based on Partition Optimization

作　　者：任新惠[1] 王柳 王佳雪 REN Xinhui;WANG Liu;WANG Jiaxue(College of Economics and Management,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;COFCO Coca-Cola Beverages(Hebei)Limited,Shijiazhuang 052160,China;College of Transportation Science and Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学经济与管理学院,天津300300 [2]中粮可口可乐饮料(河北)有限公司,河北石家庄052160 [3]中国民航大学交通科学与工程与学院,天津300300

出　　处：《运筹与管理》2023年第6期20-26,共7页Operations Research and Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(52102419);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(3122021091)。

摘　　要：自2019年末新冠疫情爆发以来,人们对于自身安全及卫生问题尤为重视,一种以无人机全自动机场为零接触点的即时配送模式应运而生。针对研究无人机全自动机场选址中出现的分区局部最优的问题,首先考虑无人机运行特征构建全自动垂直机场选址模型,其次基于天津市和平区商家的实际数据,采用改进式网格分区方法进行区域的划分及预选址;并通过泰森多边形法对划分区域进行优化,使得选址机场分区范围内需求点分布更加均衡,达到了全局最优的目标。最后以天津市和平区即时配送的商家数据为例进行模型应用及结果分析。结果表明无人机全自动机场的覆盖范围与选址数量及需求均衡分布情况存在相关关系。通过分区优化的方法可以使得选址的无人机机场服务范围更合理,为未来城市区域中无人机全自动机场的规划提供建设性建议。With the flourishing development of e-commerce and new retail,the demand for logistics and delivery has been continuously increasing.With the improvement of technology and policies,UAV urban delivery will become a trend in future development.Currently,it is being promoted and applied in cities such as Shenzhen and Hangzhou for express delivery and medical blood sample delivery,etc.With the special safety requirements in the background of the COVID-19 pandemic,the concept of “contactless delivery” has emerged.The fully automated vertiport is a completely contactless service,and UAV delivery expands the delivery range of instant delivery,improves delivery speed,and innovates urban delivery modes.This paper studies the location selection problem of UAV urban delivery.Though the method of improved grid partitioning and the Voronoi polygon,optimizing the partition vertiport service area and the distribution of demand points is more balanced,and the goal of global optimization is achieved.Firstly,this study identifies the UAV delivery operational scenarios and constructs a vertiport location model.The study focuses on automatic vertiport(Robort Hub) of Hangzhou Xunyi Network Technology Co.,Ltd.,which provides ground infrastructure supporting UAV vertical takeoff,landing,parking,charging,and maintenance.The location model for the vertiport is constructed by considering the factors affecting logistics UAV urban operations,the need for vertiport coverage the whole area,and the distance from the merchants to the vertiports.And the objective is to minimize the total operating time of the UAV vertiport delivery mode.Next,the study of UAV urban delivery partition and vertiport location is conducted in Heping District of Tianjin City as an example.First,by crawling the block data of Heping District's catering merchants and using the clip tool in ArcMap to clip the merchant data points,2190 pieces of catering merchant data in Heping District are obtained.Second,based on the actual data of the merchants,an improved grid part

关 键 词：分区优化 物流无人机 无人机全自动机场 选址 VORONOI图 

分 类 号：V351[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] O223[理学—运筹学与控制论]